Hadith 512

أَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرِ بْنِ إِيَاسِ بْنِ مُقَاتِلِ بْنِ مُشَمْرِجِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ ، قال : حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ ، قال : حَدَّثَنَا الْعَلَاءُ ، أَنَّهُ دَخَلَ عَلَى أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ فِي دَارِهِ بِالْبَصْرَةِ حِينَ انْصَرَفَ مِنَ الظُّهْرِ وَدَارُهُ بِجَنْبِ الْمَسْجِدِ ، فَلَمَّا دَخَلْنَا عَلَيْهِ ، قَالَ : أَصَلَّيْتُمُ الْعَصْرَ ؟ قُلْنَا : لَا ، إِنَّمَا انْصَرَفْنَا السَّاعَةَ مِنَ الظُّهْرِ ، قَالَ : فَصَلُّوا الْعَصْرَ ، قَالَ : فَقُمْنَا فَصَلَّيْنَا فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفْنَا ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، يَقُولُ : " تِلْكَ صَلَاةُ الْمُنَافِقِ ، جَلَسَ يَرْقُبُ صَلَاةَ الْعَصْرِ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَتْ بَيْنَ قَرْنَيِ الشَّيْطَانِ قَامَ فَنَقَرَ أَرْبَعًا لَا يَذْكُرُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِيهَا إِلَّا قَلِيلًا " .
‘Alaa says that when he returned after offering Zuhr, he went to Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) at his house in Basra, and his house was next to the mosque. So when we came to him, he asked: “Have you people offered Asr?” We said: “No, we have just returned after offering Zuhr.” So he said: “Then offer Asr.” We stood up and offered Asr. When we had finished, Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: ‘This is the prayer of the hypocrite: he sits waiting for Asr until, when the sun is between the two horns of Satan (i.e., near sunset), he stands and pecks out four (quick) units, and in it he remembers Allah only a little.’”
Hadith Reference سنن نسائي / كتاب المواقيت / 512
Hadith Grading الألبانی: صحيح  |  زبیر علی زئی: صحيح مسلم
Hadith Takhrij «صحیح مسلم/المساجد 34 (622)، سنن ابی داود/الصلاة 5 (413)، سنن الترمذی/الصلاة 6 (160)، موطا امام مالک/القرآن10(46)، (تحفة الأشراف: 1122)، مسند احمد 3/102، 103، 149، 185، 247 (صحیح)»
Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Hafiz Muhammad Ameen
512. Commentary:

➊ The meaning of the sun being between the two horns of Satan may also be that it is near setting; at that time, the worshippers of the sun perform their worship, which is a satanic act, and thus it has been described in the above words. Some scholars have taken it literally, that at the times of sunrise, sunset, and when the sun is at its zenith (directly overhead), Satan comes and stands near the sun in such a way that the sun is between his two horns, so that the worshippers of the sun also worship him. Perhaps for this reason, Muslims have been prohibited from performing prayer at these times. And Allah knows best.

➋ "He pecks four times (with his beak)." Since the sun is almost setting, he (the hypocrite) performs the prayer hastily. It appears as if a crow is pecking. He does not recite the prescribed remembrances and supplications of the prayer properly, because he has no inclination (towards the prayer); thus, some is recited, some is left out. Since there are four units (rak‘ahs), it is said "four pecks." Although there are eight prostrations (sujood) in them, due to performing them quickly, it is as if both together are equal to one peck.

➌ The prayer of a believer is adorned with tranquility, humility and submissiveness, and the prescribed remembrances.
Source: Sunan Nasa'i: Translation and Benefits by Shaykh Hafiz Muhammad Amin Hafizullah, Page: 512
Shaykh Maulana Abdul Aziz Alvi
Hadith Commentary: Benefits and Issues: (1)
To delay the ‘Asr prayer without any excuse or necessity to such an extent that the sun is about to set, and then to hastily perform the four units (rak‘ahs) in this last, constricted time—so quickly that even the amount of remembrance (dhikr) of Allah is very little and merely nominal—is a hypocritical manner of action. A believer should perform every prayer, especially the ‘Asr prayer, at its proper time with utmost tranquility and moderation. To hastily perform bowing (ruku‘) and prostration (sujud) is nothing but moving up and down like the pecking of a rooster.

(2)
During the era of Anas radi Allahu anhu, some governors from Banu Umayyah used to perform the ‘Asr prayer very late, and Anas radi Allahu anhu considered this practice to be wrong and contrary to the Sunnah. Therefore, he would instruct those who came to him to perform the ‘Asr prayer first, and afterwards he would narrate this hadith to them. He himself would also perform the ‘Asr prayer early at home, as is mentioned in the following narration.
Source: Tuhfat al-Muslim: Commentary on Sahih Muslim, Page: 1412
Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi
413. Commentary:
➊ This hadith is, in a way, an explanation of the first hadith: that if someone is delayed due to a valid (shar‘i) excuse and manages to perform one rak‘ah before sunset, it is as if he has caught the prayer within its time. This is a special mercy from Allah, the Exalted, for His servants. However, if one delays without an excuse, this is a sign of hypocrisy.
➋ There is a difference of opinion regarding the meaning of “the sun being between the two horns of Satan.” Imam Nawawi rahimahullah says: “It is said that this is a reality, and at the time of sunrise and sunset, Satan comes in front of the sun, so it appears as if the sun is rising or setting from between his head. And the worshippers of the sun also prostrate before it at these times, so he thinks that prostration is being made to him. It is also said that the two horns refer metaphorically to the elevation of Satan and the dominance of satanic forces, and that the disbelievers prostrate to the sun at the times of sunrise and sunset . . . . . .” End quote «والله أعلم»
➌ Exceptional cases should not be made into a rule or general principle.
Source: Sunan Abu Dawood – Commentary by Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi, Page: 413