سنن نسائي
Nasai
كتاب البيوعThe Book of Financial Transactions
بَابُ : بَيْعِ الْمُدَبَّرِChapter: Selling A Mudabbar.
Hadith 4656
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ , قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ , عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ , عَنْ جَابِرٍ , قَالَ : أَعْتَقَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي عُذْرَةَ عَبْدًا لَهُ عَنْ دُبُرٍ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ , فَقَالَ : " أَلَكَ مَالٌ غَيْرُهُ ؟ " ، قَالَ : لَا , فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " مَنْ يَشْتَرِيهِ مِنِّي ؟ " , فَاشْتَرَاهُ نُعَيْمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْعَدَوِيُّ بِثَمَانِ مِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ , فَجَاءَ بِهَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ , فَدَفَعَهَا إِلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ : " ابْدَأْ بِنَفْسِكَ فَتَصَدَّقْ عَلَيْهَا , فَإِنْ فَضَلَ شَيْءٌ فَلِأَهْلِكَ , فَإِنْ فَضَلَ مِنْ أَهْلِكَ شَيْءٌ فَلِذِي قَرَابَتِكَ , فَإِنْ فَضَلَ مِنْ ذِي قَرَابَتِكَ شَيْءٌ فَهَكَذَا , وَهَكَذَا وَهَكَذَا , يَقُولُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ , وَعَنْ يَمِينِكَ , وَعَنْ شِمَالِكَ " .
´It was narrated that Jabir said:` "A man from Banu 'Adhrah stated that a slave of his was to be set free after he died. News of that reached the Messenger of Allah and he said: 'Do you have any other property basides him/' He said? 'No.' the Messenger of Allah said; 'Who will buy him from me?' Nu'aim bin 'Abdullah Al-Adawi bought him for eight hundred Dirhams, which the Messenger of Allah brought and gave to him (the former owner). Then the Messenger of Allah said: 'Start with yourself and give charity to (yourself). If there is anything left over, then give it to your family; if there is anything left over from your family, then give it to your relatives; if there is anything left over from your relatives, then give it to such and such,' saying 'In front of you, to your right and to your left.
Explanation & Benefits
Hafiz Muhammad Ameen
(1) There is a difference of opinion among the scholars regarding whether a mudabbar (a slave set free after the owner's death) can be sold or not. Imam Shafi'i rahimahullah and the Ahl al-Hadith (the group of hadith scholars) consider it permissible. The aforementioned ahadith are clear evidence for this.
(2) This blessed hadith indicates that in voluntary charity (nafl sadaqah), it is preferable to distribute it among various types of good and benefit, meaning that it should be spent wherever there is a need or benefit. One should not specify a particular direction or category, such that the giver says, "I will spend only in such-and-such category and nowhere else," even if there is a need elsewhere.
(3) The leader or ruler has the authority to sell the property of people in order to pay off their debts, and after settling the debts, to hand over the remaining amount to them for fulfilling their other needs, just as the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam did.
(4) The legitimate Islamic ruler has the right to prohibit a person of weak intellect or foolishness from selling his property, and he also has the authority to nullify any transaction such a person makes with his own wealth.
(2) This blessed hadith indicates that in voluntary charity (nafl sadaqah), it is preferable to distribute it among various types of good and benefit, meaning that it should be spent wherever there is a need or benefit. One should not specify a particular direction or category, such that the giver says, "I will spend only in such-and-such category and nowhere else," even if there is a need elsewhere.
(3) The leader or ruler has the authority to sell the property of people in order to pay off their debts, and after settling the debts, to hand over the remaining amount to them for fulfilling their other needs, just as the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam did.
(4) The legitimate Islamic ruler has the right to prohibit a person of weak intellect or foolishness from selling his property, and he also has the authority to nullify any transaction such a person makes with his own wealth.
Source: Sunan Nasa'i: Translation and Benefits by Shaykh Hafiz Muhammad Amin Hafizullah, Page: 4656
