Toggle above to switch between keyword search and direct hadith lookup
سنن نسائي
Nasai
كتاب البيعةThe Book of al-Bay'ah
بَابُ : ذِكْرِ مَا عَلَى مَنْ بَايَعَ الإِمَامَ وَأَعْطَاهُ صَفْقَةَ يَدِهِ وَثَمَرَةَ قَلْبِهِChapter: Mentioning The Obligation Of The Who Gives His Pledge To A Ruler, And Gives The Grasp Of
Hadith 4196
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا هَنَّادُ بْنُ السَّرِيِّ ، عَنْ أَبِي مُعَاوِيَةَ ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ وَهْبٍ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ رَبِّ الْكَعْبَةِ ، قَالَ : انْتَهَيْتُ إِلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو وَهُوَ جَالِسٌ فِي ظِلِّ الْكَعْبَةِ , وَالنَّاسُ عَلَيْهِ مُجْتَمِعُونَ ، قَالَ : فَسَمِعْتُهُ ، يَقُولُ : بَيْنَا نَحْنُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي سَفَرٍ إِذْ نَزَلْنَا مَنْزِلًا ، فَمِنَّا مَنْ يَضْرِبُ خِبَاءَهُ ، وَمِنَّا مَنْ يَنْتَضِلُ ، وَمِنَّا مَنْ هُوَ فِي جَشْرَتِهِ إِذْ نَادَى مُنَادِي النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : الصَّلَاةُ جَامِعَةٌ ، فَاجْتَمَعْنَا ، فَقَامَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَخَطَبَنَا ، فَقَالَ : " إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ نَبِيٌّ قَبْلِي إِلَّا كَانَ حَقًّا عَلَيْهِ ، أَنْ يَدُلَّ أُمَّتَهُ عَلَى مَا يَعْلَمُهُ خَيْرًا لَهُمْ , وَيُنْذِرَهُمْ مَا يَعْلَمُهُ شَرًّا لَهُمْ ، وَإِنَّ أُمَّتَكُمْ هَذِهِ جُعِلَتْ عَافِيَتُهَا فِي أَوَّلِهَا ، وَإِنَّ آخِرَهَا سَيُصِيبُهُمْ بَلَاءٌ وَأُمُورٌ يُنْكِرُونَهَا تَجِيءُ فِتَنٌ ، فَيُدَقِّقُ بَعْضُهَا لِبَعْضٍ فَتَجِيءُ الْفِتْنَةُ ، فَيَقُولُ الْمُؤْمِنُ : هَذِهِ مُهْلِكَتِي ، ثُمَّ تَنْكَشِفُ ، ثُمَّ تَجِيءُ ، فَيَقُولُ : هَذِهِ مُهْلِكَتِي ، ثُمَّ تَنْكَشِفُ ، فَمَنْ أَحَبَّ مِنْكُمْ ، أَنْ يُزَحْزَحَ عَنِ النَّارِ ، وَيُدْخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ ، فَلْتُدْرِكْهُ مَوْتَتُهُ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ ، وَلْيَأْتِ إِلَى النَّاسِ مَا يُحِبُّ أَنْ يُؤْتَى إِلَيْهِ ، وَمَنْ بَايَعَ إِمَامًا فَأَعْطَاهُ صَفْقَةَ يَدِهِ وَثَمَرَةَ قَلْبِهِ ، فَلْيُطِعْهُ مَا اسْتَطَاعَ ، فَإِنْ جَاءَ أَحَدٌ يُنَازِعُهُ , فَاضْرِبُوا رَقَبَةَ الْآخَرِ " ، فَدَنَوْتُ مِنْهُ ، فَقُلْتُ : سَمِعْتَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ هَذَا ؟ قَالَ : نَعَمْ ، وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ .
´It was narrated that 'Abdur-Rahman bin 'Abd Rabb Al-Kabah said:` " I came to 'Abdullah bin Amr bin Al-As while he was sitting in the shade of Kabah, and the people were gathered around him, and I heard him say: 'While we were with the Messenger of Allah on a journey, we stopped to camp, and some of us were pitching tents, some were competing in shooting arrows, and some were taking the animals out to race them. Then the caller of the Prophet called out: As-Salatu Jamiah (prayer is about to begin). So we gathered, and the Messenger of Allah stood up and addressed us. He said: There has a never been a prophet before me who was not obliged to tell his nation of what he knew was good for them, and to warn against that he knew was bad for them. With regard to Ummah of yours, soundness (of religious commitment) has been placed in its earlier generations, and the last of them will be afflicted with calamities and things that you dislike. Then there will come tribulations which will make the earlier ones pale into significances, and the believer will say: This will be then end of me, then relief will come. Then (more) tribulations will come and the believer will say: this will be the end of me, then relief will come. Whoever would like to be taken far away from the Fire and admitted to Paradise, let him die believing in Allah and the Last Day, and let him treat people as he would like to be treated. Whoever pledges to a ruler and gives him the grasp of his hand and the sincerity of his heart, the let him obey him as much as he can, and if another comes and challenges him, let them strike the neck of (i.e., kill) the second one."' He said: " I drew near to him and said: 'Did you hear the Messenger of Allah say that? He 'Yes, and quoted the Hadith without interruption (in the chain)
Related hadith on this topic
Brief Explanation
1؎ : The last part of this hadith has not been mentioned by the author; Imam Muslim has mentioned it. It is as follows: “Abdur Rahman bin Abd Rabb al-Ka‘bah submitted: ‘Mu‘awiyah radi Allahu anhu is doing such and such.’ Upon this, Abdullah bin Amr radi Allahu anhuma said: ‘You should continue to obey him in what is good (ma‘ruf); if he commands something evil (munkar), then you should refuse, but do not rebel against him.’ (Summary:) This hadith supports the methodology and approach of the pious predecessors (salaf salihin) that due to some evil actions of a Muslim ruler, a movement cannot be initiated to depose him from authority. All good (ma‘ruf) deeds will continue to be performed under his leadership, and regarding evil (munkar), only verbal advice will be given.
Explanation & Benefits
Hafiz Muhammad Ameen
(1) The relevance of the hadith to the chapter is as follows: When a person pledges allegiance (bay‘ah) to a rightful leader or imam and offers him all his sincerity and love, it becomes obligatory upon him to fulfill the demands of loyalty to the best of his ability and to fulfill the obedience due to the leader. If another person comes and tries to usurp the caliphate from the first leader, then he must join the first leader in fighting against the second.
(2) This blessed hadith also clarifies the duties that Allah Ta‘ala imposed upon the Prophets, namely, to sincerely warn people about good and evil, to guide them towards their worldly and hereafter benefits, and to warn and alert them about religious and worldly harms and losses.
(3) Remaining steadfast in faith in Allah and faith in the Hereafter until death, as well as treating people with good conduct, is a means of salvation from the Fire and entry into Paradise.
(4) Imam Nawawi rahimahullah states that this blessed hadith also shows that it is obligatory upon every person to treat others in the same manner as he wishes to be treated by them. The hadith is an explicit text on this matter. These words of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam are counted among his comprehensive statements (jawami‘ al-kalim). This is an important principle of the pure Shari‘ah. Every Muslim man and woman should pay special attention to it.
(5) “Among the earliest people”—it is understood that the Companions radi Allahu anhum were the best of the Ummah. Their religion was preserved. They were very rarely afflicted by worldly tribulations.
(6) “Will seem lighter”—that is, the later tribulation will be greater than the earlier one; therefore, the first tribulation will seem lighter in comparison to the second, even though in reality it will be very great, as is detailed in the hadith itself.
(7) “Strike his neck”—rebellion is a very grave crime in Islam. When people are united and content under one leader, the one who creates chaos against him and disrupts peace and security is a major criminal. His punishment is death. Thus, rebellion is tantamount to the crime of apostasy. Its details have already been explained in previous pages.
(2) This blessed hadith also clarifies the duties that Allah Ta‘ala imposed upon the Prophets, namely, to sincerely warn people about good and evil, to guide them towards their worldly and hereafter benefits, and to warn and alert them about religious and worldly harms and losses.
(3) Remaining steadfast in faith in Allah and faith in the Hereafter until death, as well as treating people with good conduct, is a means of salvation from the Fire and entry into Paradise.
(4) Imam Nawawi rahimahullah states that this blessed hadith also shows that it is obligatory upon every person to treat others in the same manner as he wishes to be treated by them. The hadith is an explicit text on this matter. These words of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam are counted among his comprehensive statements (jawami‘ al-kalim). This is an important principle of the pure Shari‘ah. Every Muslim man and woman should pay special attention to it.
(5) “Among the earliest people”—it is understood that the Companions radi Allahu anhum were the best of the Ummah. Their religion was preserved. They were very rarely afflicted by worldly tribulations.
(6) “Will seem lighter”—that is, the later tribulation will be greater than the earlier one; therefore, the first tribulation will seem lighter in comparison to the second, even though in reality it will be very great, as is detailed in the hadith itself.
(7) “Strike his neck”—rebellion is a very grave crime in Islam. When people are united and content under one leader, the one who creates chaos against him and disrupts peace and security is a major criminal. His punishment is death. Thus, rebellion is tantamount to the crime of apostasy. Its details have already been explained in previous pages.
Source: Sunan Nasa'i: Translation and Benefits by Shaykh Hafiz Muhammad Amin Hafizullah, Page: 4196
Maulana Ataullah Sajid
Benefits and Issues:
➊
The foundation of the Prophet’s (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) striving is sincerity and goodwill towards humanity.
Scholars should also exert themselves on this same basis.
➋
The Companions (radi Allahu anhum) and the Followers (tabi‘in) were sincere believers; those who differed with them were in error.
➌
A believer recognizes tribulations (fitan), and therefore does not accept them, even if he faces extreme difficulties.
➍
In times of tribulation, one must pay special attention to the protection of faith (iman).
➎
The criterion for right and wrong in dealings is that you treat others as you would like to be treated yourself. For example:
Just as a person likes to be given correct advice when he needs counsel, similarly, he should give correct advice to others.
Just as he does not want to be deceived, likewise, he should not deceive others.
➏
In an Islamic state, for someone to stand up and claim the right to the caliphate (khilafah) in the presence of an existing caliph causes discord and division among Muslims.
➐
After the first caliph, the people of authority and decision (ahl al-hall wa’l-‘aqd) among the Muslims will select the next caliph.
No one should stand up and claim the caliphate on his own accord.
➑
If the existing caliph makes a mistake, it is necessary to alert him to it, just as Imam Malik and Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal (rahimahullah) and others strongly criticized the mistakes of rulers, but they never demanded that the government be handed over to them.
➊
The foundation of the Prophet’s (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) striving is sincerity and goodwill towards humanity.
Scholars should also exert themselves on this same basis.
➋
The Companions (radi Allahu anhum) and the Followers (tabi‘in) were sincere believers; those who differed with them were in error.
➌
A believer recognizes tribulations (fitan), and therefore does not accept them, even if he faces extreme difficulties.
➍
In times of tribulation, one must pay special attention to the protection of faith (iman).
➎
The criterion for right and wrong in dealings is that you treat others as you would like to be treated yourself. For example:
Just as a person likes to be given correct advice when he needs counsel, similarly, he should give correct advice to others.
Just as he does not want to be deceived, likewise, he should not deceive others.
➏
In an Islamic state, for someone to stand up and claim the right to the caliphate (khilafah) in the presence of an existing caliph causes discord and division among Muslims.
➐
After the first caliph, the people of authority and decision (ahl al-hall wa’l-‘aqd) among the Muslims will select the next caliph.
No one should stand up and claim the caliphate on his own accord.
➑
If the existing caliph makes a mistake, it is necessary to alert him to it, just as Imam Malik and Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal (rahimahullah) and others strongly criticized the mistakes of rulers, but they never demanded that the government be handed over to them.
Source: Commentary on Sunan Ibn Mājah by Mawlānā ‘Atā’ullāh Sājid, Page: 3956
