سنن نسائي
Nasai
كتاب المزارعةThe Book of Agriculture
بَابُ : ذِكْرِ الأَحَادِيثِ الْمُخْتَلِفَةِ فِي النَّهْىِ عَنْ كِرَاءِ الأَرْضِ بِالثُّلُثِ وَالرُّبُعِ وَاخْتِلاَفِ أَلْفَاظِ النَّاقِلِينَ لِلْخَبَرِChapter: Mentioning The Differing Hadiths Regarding The Prohibition Of Leasing Out Land In Return For One Third, Or One Quarter Of The Harvest And The Different Wordings Reported By The Narrators
Hadith 3925
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَعْدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنِي عَمِّي ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِكْرِمَةَ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ لَبِيبَةَ ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ ، عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ ، قَالَ : كَانَ أَصْحَابُ الْمَزَارِعِ يُكْرُونَ فِي زَمَانِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَزَارِعَهُمْ بِمَا يَكُونُ عَلَى السَّاقِي مِنَ الزَّرْعِ , فَجَاءُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ , فَاخْتَصَمُوا فِي بَعْضِ ذَلِكَ , فَنَهَاهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يُكْرُوا بِذَلِكَ ، وَقَالَ : " أَكْرُوا بِالذَّهَبِ وَالْفِضَّةِ " . وَقَدْ رَوَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ سُلَيْمَانُ ، عَنْ رَافِعٍ ، فَقَالَ : عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ عُمُومَتِهِ .
´It was narrated that Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas said:` "At the time of the Messenger of Allah landowners used to lease their arable land in return for whatever grew on the banks of the streams for irrigation. They came to the Messenger of Allah and referred a dispute concerning such matters to him, and the Messenger of Allah forbade them to lease land on such terms, and said: 'Lease it for gold or silver.'"
Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Hafiz Muhammad Ameen
(1) The aforementioned narration is weak in its chain of transmission; however, based on corroborating evidences, the issue mentioned in the hadith is correct. The researcher of the book has also mentioned its corroborating evidences. Furthermore, in the verification of Sunan Abi Dawud hadith: 3391, he writes that this narration is weak in its chain, yet Abi Dawud’s own hadith: 3395 suffices for it. Therefore, despite the aforementioned narration being weak in its chain, it is correct based on corroborating evidences. And Allah knows best.
(2) “He forbade it” because this type of sharecropping (batai) causes harm to the sharecropper (muzari‘). He does the labor, but the owner of the land takes the good crops, and the sharecropper has to make do with the inferior produce. Therefore, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam forbade this. However, if the sharecropping is based on an absolute share (for example: half or one-third of the total produce, etc.), then neither will there be any dispute nor will there be any injustice to the sharecropper. For this reason, this form of sharecropping is permissible. Leasing (the land) is also permissible.
(2) “He forbade it” because this type of sharecropping (batai) causes harm to the sharecropper (muzari‘). He does the labor, but the owner of the land takes the good crops, and the sharecropper has to make do with the inferior produce. Therefore, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam forbade this. However, if the sharecropping is based on an absolute share (for example: half or one-third of the total produce, etc.), then neither will there be any dispute nor will there be any injustice to the sharecropper. For this reason, this form of sharecropping is permissible. Leasing (the land) is also permissible.
Source: Sunan Nasa'i: Translation and Benefits by Shaykh Hafiz Muhammad Amin Hafizullah, Page: 3925
Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi
Benefits and Issues:
This narration has a weak chain of transmission.
However, claiming rights over the produce of different parts of the same field in different ways becomes a cause of dispute.
In this, the rights of both parties are also not properly determined.
Therefore, it is recommended to adopt the method of settling all accounts at once and leasing the land in exchange for a fixed amount of cash.
This narration has a weak chain of transmission.
However, claiming rights over the produce of different parts of the same field in different ways becomes a cause of dispute.
In this, the rights of both parties are also not properly determined.
Therefore, it is recommended to adopt the method of settling all accounts at once and leasing the land in exchange for a fixed amount of cash.
Source: Sunan Abu Dawood – Commentary by Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi, Page: 3391
