سنن نسائي
Nasai
كتاب الأيمان والنذورThe Book of Oaths and Vows
بَابُ : مَنْ نَذَرَ أَنْ يَصُومَ ثُمَّ مَاتَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَصُومَChapter: Whoever Vows To Fast Then Dies Before Fasting
Hadith 3847
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا بِشْرُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ الْعَسْكَرِيُّ , قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ , عَنْ شُعْبَةَ , قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ سُلَيْمَانَ يُحَدِّثُ , عَنْ مُسْلِمٍ الْبَطِينِ , عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ , عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ , قَالَ : رَكِبَتِ امْرَأَةٌ الْبَحْرَ فَنَذَرَتْ أَنْ تَصُومَ شَهْرًا , فَمَاتَتْ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَصُومَ , فَأَتَتْ أُخْتُهَا النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ , وَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لَهُ , " فَأَمَرَهَا أَنْ تَصُومَ عَنْهَا " .
´It was narrated that Ibn 'Abbas said:` "A woman traveled by sea and vowed to fast for a month, but she died before she could fast. Her sister came to the Prophet and told him about that, and he told her to fast on her behalf."
Explanation & Benefits
Hafiz Muhammad Ameen
It is understood that if there are (obligatory) fasts due upon the deceased, then his heirs may observe fasts on his behalf, provided that the deceased had the opportunity to observe the fasts but was unable to do so. According to the Hanafis, fasts cannot be observed on behalf of the deceased; rather, expiation (fidya) should be given for the missed fasts. However, this is in contradiction to this explicit narration. Yes, it can be said that fasting on his behalf is not obligatory; expiation (fidya) may also be given. And Allah knows best.
Source: Sunan Nasa'i: Translation and Benefits by Shaykh Hafiz Muhammad Amin Hafizullah, Page: 3847
