سنن نسائي
Nasai
كتاب الطلاقThe Book of Divorce
بَابُ : كَيْفَ اللِّعَانُChapter: How Li'an Is Carried Out
Hadith 3499
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا عِمْرَانُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا مَخْلَدُ بْنُ حُسَيْنٍ الْأَزْدِيُّ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ حَسَّانَ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِيرِينَ ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ، قَالَ : إِنَّ أَوَّلَ لِعَانٍ كَانَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ : أَنَّ هِلَالَ بْنَ أُمَيَّةَ قَذَفَ شَرِيكَ بْنَ السَّحْمَاءِ بِامْرَأَتِهِ ، فَأَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " أَرْبَعَةَ شُهَدَاءَ ، وَإِلَّا فَحَدٌّ فِي ظَهْرِكَ يُرَدِّدُ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِ مِرَارًا ، فَقَالَ لَهُ هِلَالٌ : وَاللَّهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لَيَعْلَمُ أَنِّي صَادِقٌ ، وَلَيُنْزِلَنَّ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَلَيْكَ مَا يُبَرِّئُ ظَهْرِي مِنَ الْجَلْدِ ، فَبَيْنَمَا هُمْ كَذَلِكَ إِذْ نَزَلَتْ عَلَيْهِ آيَةُ اللِّعَانِ : وَالَّذِينَ يَرْمُونَ أَزْوَاجَهُمْ سورة النور آية 6 , إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ ، فَدَعَا هِلَالًا ، فَشَهِدَ أَرْبَعَ شَهَادَاتٍ بِاللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لَمِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ ، وَالْخَامِسَةُ أَنَّ لَعْنَةَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ إِنْ كَانَ مِنَ الْكَاذِبِينَ ، ثُمَّ دُعِيَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ فَشَهِدَتْ أَرْبَعَ شَهَادَاتٍ بِاللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لَمِنَ الْكَاذِبِينَ ، فَلَمَّا أَنْ كَانَ فِي الرَّابِعَةِ أَوِ الْخَامِسَةِ , قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : وَقِّفُوهَا ، فَإِنَّهَا مُوجِبَةٌ ، فَتَلَكَّأَتْ حَتَّى مَا شَكَكْنَا أَنَّهَا سَتَعْتَرِفُ ، ثُمَّ قَالَتْ : لَا أَفْضَحُ قَوْمِي سَائِرَ الْيَوْمِ ، فَمَضَتْ عَلَى الْيَمِينِ , فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : انْظُرُوهَا ، فَإِنْ جَاءَتْ بِهِ أَبْيَضَ سَبِطًا قَضِيءَ الْعَيْنَيْنِ فَهُوَ لِهِلَالِ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ ، وَإِنْ جَاءَتْ بِهِ آدَمَ جَعْدًا رَبْعًا حَمْشَ السَّاقَيْنِ فَهُوَ لِشَرِيكِ بْنِ السَّحْمَاءِ ، فَجَاءَتْ بِهِ آدَمَ جَعْدًا رَبْعًا حَمْشَ السَّاقَيْنِ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : لَوْلَا مَا سَبَقَ فِيهَا مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ ، لَكَانَ لِي وَلَهَا شَأْنٌ " ، قَالَ الشَّيْخُ : وَالْقَضِيءُ : طَوِيلُ شَعْرِ الْعَيْنَيْنِ ، لَيْسَ بِمَفْتُوحِ الْعَيْنِ ، وَلَا جَاحِظِهِمَا ، وَاللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى أَعْلَمُ .
´It was narrated that Anas bin Malik said:` "The first Li'an in Islam was when Hilal bin Umayyah accused Sharik bin As-Sahma' (of committing adultery) with his wife. He came to the Prophet and told him about that. The Prophet said: '(Bring) four witnesses, otherwise (you will feel) the Hadd punishment on your back.' And he repeated that several times. Hilal said to him: 'By Allah, O Messenger of Allah! Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, knows that I am telling the truth, and Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, will certainly reveal to you that which will spare my back from the whip.' While they were like that, the Verse of Li'an was revealed to him: 'As to those who accuse their wives.' He called Hilal and he bore witness four times by Allah that he was telling the truth, and the fifth time he invoked the curse of Allah upon him if he were lying. Then he called the woman and she bore witness four times by Allah that he was lying. When it came to the fourth or fifth time, the Messenger of Allah said: 'Stop her, for it will inevitably bring the punishment of Allah upon the liar.' She hesitated until we thought that she was going to confess, then she said: 'I will not dishonor my people today.' Then she went ahead with the oath. The Messenger of Allah said: 'Wait and see. If she produces a child who is white, with straight hair and Qadiy'a eyes, then he belongs to Hilal bin Umayyah, but if she produces a child who is dark with curly hair, of average size and with narrow calves, then he belongs to Sharik bin As-Sahma'.' She produced a child who was dark with curly hair, of average size and with narrow calves. The Messenger of Allah said: 'Had not the matter been settled by the Book of Allah, I would have punished her severely.'"
Explanation & Benefits
Hafiz Muhammad Ameen
(1) "The prescribed punishment (hadd) will be applied" because this is the general ruling for ordinary people: if four witnesses cannot be produced, then the one making the accusation will be given the prescribed punishment for slander (qadhf), which is eighty (80) lashes. The special ruling for husbands had not yet been revealed.
(2) "The fifth oath"—the woman's fifth oath will be in this manner: that if he (my husband) is truthful, then may the wrath of Allah be upon me.
(3) "Had it not already been decreed"—that after the oaths have been taken, nothing further will be said to either party, even if the falsehood of one of them becomes explicitly clear, as long as there are no witnesses.
(4) Li'an cannot take place between anyone other than husband and wife, because the explicit text (nass khas) pertains to them specifically.
(5) The judge will decide according to apparent evidence and testimonies. The true reality is best known to Allah. He Himself will deal with such matters.
(6) Li'an will take place in the presence of a qadi (judge) or magistrate, and at that time there should also be a gathering of people.
(7) Li'an can take place with both a consummated (madkhul biha) and unconsummated (ghayr madkhul biha) marriage. Ibn al-Mundhir rahimahullah has transmitted consensus (ijma') on this.
(2) "The fifth oath"—the woman's fifth oath will be in this manner: that if he (my husband) is truthful, then may the wrath of Allah be upon me.
(3) "Had it not already been decreed"—that after the oaths have been taken, nothing further will be said to either party, even if the falsehood of one of them becomes explicitly clear, as long as there are no witnesses.
(4) Li'an cannot take place between anyone other than husband and wife, because the explicit text (nass khas) pertains to them specifically.
(5) The judge will decide according to apparent evidence and testimonies. The true reality is best known to Allah. He Himself will deal with such matters.
(6) Li'an will take place in the presence of a qadi (judge) or magistrate, and at that time there should also be a gathering of people.
(7) Li'an can take place with both a consummated (madkhul biha) and unconsummated (ghayr madkhul biha) marriage. Ibn al-Mundhir rahimahullah has transmitted consensus (ijma') on this.
Source: Sunan Nasa'i: Translation and Benefits by Shaykh Hafiz Muhammad Amin Hafizullah, Page: 3499
