أَخْبَرَنِي
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، قال : حَدَّثَنَا
يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، قال : حَدَّثَنَا
أَبِي ، عَنْ
صَالِحٍ ، عَنْ
ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ، قال : حَدَّثَنِي
عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ ، عَنْ
ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، عَنْ
عَمَّارٍ ، قال : " عَرَّسَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِأُولَاتِ الْجَيْشِ وَمَعَهُ عَائِشَةُ زَوْجَتُهُ فَانْقَطَعَ عِقْدُهَا مِنْ جَزْعِ ظِفَارِ ، فَحُبِسَ النَّاسُ ابْتِغَاءَ عِقْدِهَا ذَلِكَ حَتَّى أَضَاءَ الْفَجْرُ وَلَيْسَ مَعَ النَّاسِ مَاءٌ ، فَتَغَيَّظَ عَلَيْهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ ، فَقَالَ : حَبَسْتِ النَّاسَ وَلَيْسَ مَعَهُمْ مَاءٌ ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ رُخْصَةَ التَّيَمُّمِ بِالصَّعِيدِ ، قَالَ : فَقَامَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَضَرَبُوا بِأَيْدِيهِمُ الْأَرْضَ ثُمَّ رَفَعُوا أَيْدِيَهُمْ وَلَمْ يَنْفُضُوا مِنَ التُّرَابِ شَيْئًا ، فَمَسَحُوا بِهَا وُجُوهَهُمْ وَأَيْدِيَهُمْ إِلَى الْمَنَاكِبِ وَمِنْ بُطُونِ أَيْدِيهِمْ إِلَى الْآبَاطِ " .
´It was narrated that 'Ammar said:` "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) stopped to rest at the end of the night in Uwlat Al-Jaish. His wife 'Aishah was with him and her necklace of Zifar beads [1] broke and fell. The army was detained looking for that necklace of hers until the break of the light of dawn and the people had no water with them. Abu Bakr got angry with her and said: 'You have detained the people and they do not have any water.' Then Allah the Mighty and Sublime revealed the concession allowing Tayammum with clean earth. So the Muslims got up with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and struck with their hands, then they raised their hands and did not strike them together to knock off any dust, then they wiped their faces and arms up to the shoulders, and from the inner side of their of their arms up to the armpits." [1] Black and white Yemeni beads.
Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Hafiz Muhammad Ameen
315. Commentary:
➊ This narration has already been mentioned earlier (see narration: 311).
“Do not dust off the soil, etc.” Dusting off the soil is permissible out of necessity, meaning if excessive soil adheres, then one may blow on it or strike both hands together to remove the excess soil. However, if an appropriate amount of soil remains, then blowing or dusting it off is pointless. In any case, dusting off the soil is not a part of tayammum.
➋ Performing tayammum up to the shoulders and armpits is contrary to other narrations; therefore, some scholars have not considered wiping up to the shoulders, armpits, and elbows as correct, rather, they have declared these words to be irregular (shadh). For details, see: [صحیح سنن أبی داود للألبانی ، رقم : 344 ، 345 ، و صحیح سنن النسائي ، رقم : 315]
Some people did this on their own accord, because nothing of this sort is transmitted from the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), and this action was also done the first time tayammum was performed after the revelation of the ruling, whereas later its method was determined by the Sunnah of the Prophet.
Source: Sunan Nasa'i: Translation and Benefits by Shaykh Hafiz Muhammad Amin Hafizullah, Page: 315
Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi
320. Commentary:
Al-Hafiz al-Mundhiri rahimahullah has said that there are two points regarding the hadith of Ammar: either the action of the Companions was in the light of the command of the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, or it was based on their own ijtihad (independent reasoning). If this action was based on their ijtihad, then the action of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam has been established as contrary to it, and in comparison to the statement and action of the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, no one’s statement or action holds any weight. Only the truth is worthy of being followed. If, for the sake of argument, their action was under the command of the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, then it is established that it has been abrogated, and there is also an abrogating evidence for it. There is another hadith of this same Ammar radi Allahu anhu. Al-kh.
Source: Sunan Abu Dawood – Commentary by Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi, Page: 320