سنن نسائي
Nasai
كتاب الصيامThe Book of Fasting
بَابُ : صَوْمِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم - بِأَبِي هُوَ وَأُمِّي - وَذِكْرِ اخْتِلاَفِ النَّاقِلِينَ لِلْخَبَرِ فِي ذَلِكَChapter: The fast of the Prophet
Hadith 2373
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ ، عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ مُعَاوِيَةَ يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ وَهُوَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ يَقُولُ : يَا أَهْلَ الْمَدِينَةِ ! أَيْنَ عُلَمَاؤُكُمْ ؟ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ فِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ : " إِنِّي صَائِمٌ فَمَنْ شَاءَ أَنْ يَصُومَ فَلْيَصُمْ " .
´It was narrated that Humaid bin 'Abdur-Rahman bin 'Awf said:` "I heard Mu'awiyah say on the day of 'Ashura when he was on the Mindar: O people of Al-Madinah, where are your scholars? I heard the Messenger of Allah say on this day: "I am fasting, so whoever wants to fast let him do so."
Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Hafiz Muhammad Ameen
Imam al-Nasa’i rahimahullah’s purpose is to clarify that the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam used to fast on the day of ‘Ashura as well. However, fasting on the day of ‘Ashura alone is not appropriate; it is better to fast along with it either on the ninth, or if the ninth is missed, then to fast on the eleventh in order to avoid resemblance (with others). Insha’Allah, this will also be permissible.
Source: Sunan Nasa'i: Translation and Benefits by Shaykh Hafiz Muhammad Amin Hafizullah, Page: 2373
Hafiz Zubair Ali Zai
Takhrij al-Hadith: [وأخرجه البخاري 2003، ومسلم 129، من حديث ما لك به .]
Jurisprudential Explanation:
➊ There is no difference of opinion on this issue that fasting on ‘Ashura is Sunnah and virtuous, but it is neither obligatory nor compulsory. [ديكهئے التمهيد 203/7]
➋ The Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said regarding ‘Ashura: «أَحْتَسِبُ عَلَى اللَّهِ أَنْ يُكَفِّرَ السَّنَةَ الَّتِي قَبْلَهُ» I hope from Allah that through it the sins of the previous year are forgiven. [صحيح مسلم:1162]
➌ The narrator of the hadith about opposing the Jews in ‘Ashura, our master Abdullah ibn Abbas radi Allahu anhuma, said: «صوموا التاسع والعاشر و خالفوا اليهود» Fast on the ninth and tenth and oppose the Jews. [السنن الكبري للبيهقي 287/4 وسنده صحيح، مصنف عبدالرزاق:7839]
➍ Our master Muawiyah radi Allahu anhu loved the hadith of the Messenger so much that he would remain engaged in spreading hadith even on the pulpit. It is evident that the Companions considered hadith as a proof. Radi Allahu anhum ajma‘in.
➎ Scholars should always strive for the propagation of the Sunnah.
➏ Good rulers encourage scholars to spread knowledge and assist them in this.
Jurisprudential Explanation:
➊ There is no difference of opinion on this issue that fasting on ‘Ashura is Sunnah and virtuous, but it is neither obligatory nor compulsory. [ديكهئے التمهيد 203/7]
➋ The Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said regarding ‘Ashura: «أَحْتَسِبُ عَلَى اللَّهِ أَنْ يُكَفِّرَ السَّنَةَ الَّتِي قَبْلَهُ» I hope from Allah that through it the sins of the previous year are forgiven. [صحيح مسلم:1162]
➌ The narrator of the hadith about opposing the Jews in ‘Ashura, our master Abdullah ibn Abbas radi Allahu anhuma, said: «صوموا التاسع والعاشر و خالفوا اليهود» Fast on the ninth and tenth and oppose the Jews. [السنن الكبري للبيهقي 287/4 وسنده صحيح، مصنف عبدالرزاق:7839]
➍ Our master Muawiyah radi Allahu anhu loved the hadith of the Messenger so much that he would remain engaged in spreading hadith even on the pulpit. It is evident that the Companions considered hadith as a proof. Radi Allahu anhum ajma‘in.
➎ Scholars should always strive for the propagation of the Sunnah.
➏ Good rulers encourage scholars to spread knowledge and assist them in this.
Source: Muwatta Imam Malik (Narration of Ibn al-Qasim): Commentary by Zubair Ali Zai, Page: 9999
Maulana Dawood Raz
Hadith Commentary:
Perhaps Muawiyah (radi Allahu anhu) had received news that the people of Madinah considered fasting on Ashura as disliked (makruh), or that they did not give it importance, or that they regarded it as obligatory. Therefore, he delivered this address from the pulpit. He performed this Hajj in the year 44 AH.
This was the first Hajj of his caliphate.
And his last Hajj took place in 57 AH.
According to Hafiz, this address was delivered during his last Hajj.
Perhaps Muawiyah (radi Allahu anhu) had received news that the people of Madinah considered fasting on Ashura as disliked (makruh), or that they did not give it importance, or that they regarded it as obligatory. Therefore, he delivered this address from the pulpit. He performed this Hajj in the year 44 AH.
This was the first Hajj of his caliphate.
And his last Hajj took place in 57 AH.
According to Hafiz, this address was delivered during his last Hajj.
Source: Sahih Bukhari: Commentary by Maulana Dawood Raz, Page: 2003
