Nasai

1591. Commentary: It is as if the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam would lead both prayers, and the noble Companions radi Allahu anhum would also perform both prayers behind him, because these are two different prayers. The times are different. There is also a difference in their form. One is voluntary (nafl), the other is obligatory (fard). Some scholars are of the opinion that the Eid sermon suffices for the Friday sermon, and in place of the Friday prayer, the original prayer, that is, Zuhr, can be performed. In other words, on the day of Eid, if Zuhr is performed instead of Jumu‘ah, it is valid, but this can be done individually; collectively, Jumu‘ah will be performed. This is the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. In the following hadith, the concession will be interpreted as pertaining to individuals, and this concession is equally applicable to those living nearby as well as those coming from afar. Both types of people can benefit from it, because the hadith is general and does not specify any individual. And Allah knows best.

1425. Commentary:

➊ Although any surah may be recited in the Friday (Jumu‘ah) prayer, the four surahs mentioned above are Sunnah and recommended. Imam al-Nasa’i rahimahullah, in the narrations from Nu‘man ibn Bashir radi Allahu anhuma regarding the recitation in the Friday prayer, has mentioned the differences among the narrators: In the narration of ‘Ubaydullah ibn ‘Abdullah, it is stated that the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam used to recite Surah al-Jumu‘ah in the first rak‘ah and Surah al-Ghashiyah in the second rak‘ah of Jumu‘ah. In the narration of Habib ibn Salim, it is stated that the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam used to recite Surah al-A‘la in the first rak‘ah and Surah al-Ghashiyah in the second rak‘ah of Jumu‘ah. However, this difference does not affect the authenticity of the hadith, because this difference is only in the specification of the surahs. The scholars have written that it is possible that the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam sometimes recited Surah al-A‘la and Surah al-Ghashiyah in the Friday prayer, and sometimes Surah al-Jumu‘ah and Surah al-Munafiqun, and sometimes Surah al-Jumu‘ah and Surah al-Ghashiyah. Therefore, sometimes Surah al-A‘la and Surah al-Ghashiyah may be recited, and sometimes al-Jumu‘ah and al-Munafiqun. They can also be combined, for example: Surah al-Jumu‘ah and Surah al-Ghashiyah, as mentioned in hadith number 1424.

➋ This hadith proves that if Eid falls on a Friday, then both the Eid prayer and the Friday (Jumu‘ah) prayer should be performed. For the khatib and those living nearby, this is superior; however, if they perform the Zuhr prayer instead of Jumu‘ah, that is also permissible. And Allah knows best.

1569. Commentary: On the two Eids, depending on the followers (muqtadis) or the situation and context, it is permissible to act upon either of the two hadiths, and this is preferable.

Understanding (Tafaqquh):
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said:
«من صلى صلاة، لم يقرا فيها بام القرآن، فهي خداج، ثلاثا غير تمام، فقيل لابي هريرة : إنا نكون وراء الإمام، فقال : اقرا بها فى نفسك»
“Whoever performs a prayer in which he does not recite Surah al-Hamd, then it is incomplete, incomplete, incomplete, it is not complete!” Then it was said to Abu Hurairah (radi Allahu anhu): “(What about) those who are behind the imam?” So Abu Hurairah (radi Allahu anhu) said: “He should recite Surah al-Fatihah quietly.”

↰ From this hadith as well, it is clearly established that prayer without Surah al-Hamd is «خداج» and is not complete, and «خداج» refers to an intrinsic deficiency, not a descriptive one. Accordingly:

◈ Allamah Jar Allah al-Zamakhshari writes in “Asas al-Balaghah”:
«ناقة خادج الوقت ولذها قبل الوقت» [اساس البلاعة]

And in “Aqrab al-Mawarid” it is stated:
«خدج صلواته نقض بعض اركانها» [اقرب الموارد]

And this noble hadith is also general for every person who prays, because in it as well the word «من» occurs, which is among the words of generality.

Hadith Commentary: Benefits and Issues: Surah Al-Fatihah is the essence and summary of the entire Noble Qur’an; rather, it is its origin and foundation. On this basis, it has been prescribed in every unit (rak‘ah) of the prayer (salah), and it has been referred to by the name of salah (prayer) itself. Without it, the prayer is incomplete and deficient, and it is like a child who is born before its due time. It is said: (khadajat al-dabbatu khadaja) — the animal delivered an incomplete offspring. Most of the leading lexicographers have defined "khadaj" as deficiency.

1:
That is, in this chain of narration, the addition of Habib’s father between Habib bin Salim and Nu’man bin Bashir is present, which is not correct.

2:
That is:
Without the addition of “from his father” (“‘an abīhi”),
this narration is coming ahead.

3:
There is no contradiction in this,
sometimes the Prophet would recite these surahs and sometimes those surahs,
in any case, their recitation is Sunnah,
not obligatory,
but it should not be that, like some people, one does not recite these Sunnah surahs at all.
To deliberately abandon a Sunnah act without any valid Shar‘i excuse is a grave sin.

Benefit:
From this it is established that Surah Al-A‘la and Surah Al-Ghashiyah should be recited in the Eid prayer and the Jumu‘ah (Friday) prayer.