Nasai

1395. Commentary: In both these narrations, the practice during the time of the Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) and the two Shaykhs (Abu Bakr and Umar, radi Allahu anhuma) is described as having only one call to prayer (adhan) for Jumu‘ah. Therefore, where there is no need—and in fact, in the present era, there is generally no real need for it—one should adhere to the practice of giving only a single adhan. However, where there is a necessity, the first adhan for Jumu‘ah may be given.

Benefits and Issues:
➊
The adhan (call to prayer) that is given before the sermon begins—during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), there was only this one adhan for Jumu‘ah (Friday prayer).
Then, at the time of commencing the prayer, the iqamah (second call to prayer) was given, which was referred to as the second adhan.
Any adhan besides these two (the adhan and the iqamah) is referred to here as the third adhan, because it was initiated after these two, and this is the adhan that is given well before the sermon begins, so that people can prepare for Jumu‘ah and reach the mosque on time.

➋
Before the adhan of Fajr (dawn prayer), another adhan is also given, which is commonly known as the adhan for Tahajjud (late night prayer).
The wisdom behind this is also that Muslims may wake up before the Fajr adhan, so that after attending to their necessary needs and performing ablution (wudu), they can reach the mosque for the Fajr prayer on time.
Uthman (radi Allahu anhu) initiated the first adhan for Jumu‘ah by analogy with this first adhan of Fajr, because just as the time before Fajr is a time of heedlessness, similarly, the time before Jumu‘ah is also, due to preoccupations, a kind of time of heedlessness.
Therefore, the adhan is given beforehand to draw attention and alert people.

➌
Uthman (radi Allahu anhu) had the first adhan for Jumu‘ah given outside the mosque, in the marketplace, so that more people could be alerted.
In today’s era, due to loudspeakers, the adhan given inside the mosque also achieves this purpose.
Therefore, it is not necessary for this adhan to be given outside the mosque.

➍
The first adhan of Jumu‘ah is the Sunnah of the Rightly Guided Caliphs (khulafa’ al-rashidun, radi Allahu anhum ajma‘in).
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said:
“Adhere to my Sunnah and the Sunnah of the Rightly Guided Caliphs (radi Allahu anhum ajma‘in)” (Sunan Ibn Majah, Hadith: 42).
According to the Sunnah of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), giving only one adhan, or according to the Sunnah of the Rightly Guided Caliphs (radi Allahu anhum ajma‘in), giving two adhans—both ways are permissible.
However, according to the Sunnah of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), giving only one adhan is better.
Nevertheless, according to some scholars, due to the widespread use of loudspeakers and clocks in the present era, the justification for the first adhan no longer remains.
However, where these things are not available, it is permissible to act upon this as needed.
And Allah knows best.