موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب الرهونBook: On the Explanation of Pledges (Mortgages)
بَابُ الْقَضَاءِ فِي الْحَمَالَةِ وَالْحِوَلِ
Chapter of Judgement Regarding Surety and Transfer of Debt
Hadith 1452Q5
قَالَ مَالِكٌ : الْأَمْرُ عِنْدَنَا فِي الرَّجُلِ يُحِيلُ الرَّجُلَ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ بِدَيْنٍ لَهُ عَلَيْهِ، أَنَّهُ إِنْ أَفْلَسَ الَّذِي أُحِيلَ عَلَيْهِ، أَوْ مَاتَ فَلَمْ يَدَعْ وَفَاءً، فَلَيْسَ لِلْمُحْتَالِ عَلَى الَّذِي أَحَالَهُ شَيْءٌ، وَأَنَّهُ لَا يَرْجِعُ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ الْأَوَّلِ. قَالَ مَالِكٌ : وَهَذَا الْأَمْرُ الَّذِي لَا اخْتِلَافَ فِيهِ عِنْدَنَا. قَالَ مَالِكٌ : فَأَمَّا الرَّجُلُ يَتَحَمَّلُ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ بِدَيْنٍ لَهُ عَلَى رَجُلٍ آخَرَ. ثُمَّ يَهْلِكُ الْمُتَحَمِّلُ. أَوْ يُفْلِسُ. فَإِنَّ الَّذِي تُحُمِّلَ لَهُ، يَرْجِعُ عَلَى غَرِيمِهِ الْأَوَّلِ.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if a person transfers a debt he owes to one of his own debtors with the consent of the creditor, and then that debtor becomes insolvent or dies without property, the creditor cannot demand the debt from the original debtor again. There is no disagreement about this in our view. However, if a person becomes a guarantor for the debt owed by another, and then the guarantor dies without property or becomes insolvent, the creditor can demand the debt from the debtor.
