موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب الرهونBook: On the Explanation of Pledges (Mortgages)
بَابُ الْقَضَاءِ فِي اسْتِهْلَاكِ الْحَيَوَانِ وَالطَّعَامِ وَغَيْرِهِ
Ruling on destruction of animals, food, and other things
Hadith 1429Q1
َالَ مَالِكٌ : الْأَمْرُ عِنْدَنَا فِيمَنِ اسْتَهْلَكَ شَيْئًا مِنَ الْحَيَوَانِ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِ صَاحِبِهِ، أَنَّ عَلَيْهِ قِيمَتَهُ يَوْمَ اسْتَهْلَكَهُ، لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُؤْخَذَ بِمِثْلِهِ مِنَ الْحَيَوَانِ، وَلَا يَكُونُ لَهُ أَنْ يُعْطِيَ صَاحِبَهُ، فِيمَا اسْتَهْلَكَ شَيْئًا مِنَ الْحَيَوَانِ، وَلَكِنْ عَلَيْهِ قِيمَتُهُ يَوْمَ اسْتَهْلَكَهُ، الْقِيمَةُ أَعْدَلُ ذَلِكَ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمَا فِي الْحَيَوَانِ وَالْعُرُوضِ. ¤
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if a person kills someone’s animal without the owner’s permission, he must pay the price of that day, not a similar animal, and likewise, the owner should always be given the price of that day in exchange for the animal, not the animal itself. This is the ruling, and the same applies to other possessions.
Hadith 1429Q2
قَالَ مَالِكٌ : فِيمَنِ اسْتَهْلَكَ شَيْئًا مِنَ الطَّعَامِ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِ صَاحِبِهِ فَإِنَّمَا يَرُدُّ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ، مِثْلَ طَعَامِهِ بِمَكِيلَتِهِ مِنْ صِنْفِهِ، وَإِنَّمَا الطَّعَامُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الذَّهَبِ وَالْفِضَّةِ، إِنَّمَا يَرُدُّ مِنَ الذَّهَبِ الذَّهَبَ، وَمِنَ الْفِضَّةِ الْفِضَّةَ، وَلَيْسَ الْحَيَوَانُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الذَّهَبِ فِي ذَلِكَ. فَرَقَ بَيْنَ ذَلِكَ السُّنَّةُ، وَالْعَمَلُ الْمَعْمُولُ بِهِ. ¤
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: However, if someone destroys another's grain, he should give the same type and amount of grain, because grain is similar to silver and gold (which have equivalents and substitutes), not like animals.
Hadith 1429Q3
قَالَ مَالِكٌ : إِذَا اسْتُوْدِعَ الرَّجُلُ مَالًا فَابْتَاعَ بِهِ لِنَفْسِهِ وَرَبِحَ فِيهِ. فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ الرِّبْحَ لَهُ، لِأَنَّهُ ضَامِنٌ لِلْمَالِ. حَتَّى يُؤَدِّيَهُ إِلَى صَاحِبِهِ.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if someone buys goods with entrusted money and earns a profit, then that profit will belong to the person with whom the money was entrusted; it is not necessary to give it to the owner, because when he used the trust, he became its guarantor.
