موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب الأقضيةBook: On the Explanation of Judges
بَابُ التَّرْغِيبِ فِي الْقَضَاءِ بِالْحَقِّ
Chapter on encouragement to judge with justice
Hadith 1412
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى، عَنْ مَالِك، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتِ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ ، عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ : " إِنَّمَا أَنَا بَشَرٌ، وَإِنَّكُمْ تَخْتَصِمُونَ إِلَيَّ، فَلَعَلَّ بَعْضَكُمْ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَلْحَنَ بِحُجَّتِهِ مِنْ بَعْضٍ، فَأَقْضِيَ لَهُ عَلَى نَحْوِ مَا أَسْمَعُ مِنْهُ، فَمَنْ قَضَيْتُ لَهُ بِشَيْءٍ مِنْ حَقِّ أَخِيهِ، فَلَا يَأْخُذَنَّ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا، فَإِنَّمَا أَقْطَعُ لَهُ قِطْعَةً مِنَ النَّارِ "
It is narrated from Umm al-Mu'mineen Sayyidah Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "I am also a human being, and you come to me with your disputes. Perhaps one of you is more eloquent in presenting his case than the other, so I give judgment in his favor based on what he says. So, if I grant someone the right of his brother, he should not take it, for I am actually granting him a piece of fire."
Hadith 1413
وَحَدَّثَنِي وَحَدَّثَنِي مَالِك، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ " اخْتَصَمَ إِلَيْهِ مُسْلِمٌ وَيَهُودِيٌّ، فَرَأَى عُمَرُ أَنَّ الْحَقَّ لِلْيَهُودِيِّ، فَقَضَى لَهُ . فَقَالَ لَهُ الْيَهُودِيُّ : وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ قَضَيْتَ بِالْحَقِّ . فَضَرَبَهُ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ بِالدِّرَّةِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : " وَمَا يُدْرِيكَ ؟ " فَقَالَ لَهُ الْيَهُودِيُّ : إِنَّا نَجِدُ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ قَاضٍ يَقْضِي بِالْحَقِّ، إِلَّا كَانَ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ مَلَكٌ، وَعَنْ شِمَالِهِ مَلَكٌ، يُسَدِّدَانِهِ وَيُوَفِّقَانِهِ لِلْحَقِّ مَا دَامَ مَعَ الْحَقِّ، فَإِذَا تَرَكَ الْحَقَّ عَرَجَا وَتَرَكَاهُ
Saeed bin Musayyib narrates that a Jew and a Muslim came to Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) while disputing with each other. Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) found the truth to be with the Jew, so he judged in his favor. Then the Jew said, "By Allah! You have judged justly." Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) struck him with a whip and said, "How did you know?" The Jew replied, "It is written in our books: When a ruler judges justly, there is an angel on his right and an angel on his left; both strengthen him and guide him to the straight path as long as he remains firm upon the truth. When he abandons the truth, those angels also leave him and ascend to the heavens."
