موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب القراضBook: On the Explanation of Qirad (Profit-Sharing)
بَابُ الدَّيْنِ فِي الْقِرَاضِ
Chapter on Debt in Mudarabah Partnership
Hadith 1401Q28
قَالَ مَالِكٌ : الْأَمْرُ الْمُجْتَمَعُ عَلَيْهِ عِنْدَنَا فِي رَجُلٍ دَفَعَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ مَالًا قِرَاضًا فَاشْتَرَى بِهِ سِلْعَةً. ثُمَّ بَاعَ السِّلْعَةَ بِدَيْنٍ. فَرَبِحَ فِي الْمَالِ. ثُمَّ هَلَكَ الَّذِي أَخَذَ الْمَالَ. قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقْبِضَ الْمَالَ. قَالَ : إِنْ أَرَادَ وَرَثَتُهُ أَنْ يَقْبِضُوا ذَلِكَ الْمَالَ، وَهُمْ عَلَى شَرْطِ أَبِيهِمْ مِنَ الرِّبْحِ، فَذَلِكَ لَهُمْ. إِذَا كَانُوا أُمَنَاءَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ. فَإِنْ كَرِهُوا أَنْ يَقْتَضُوهُ، وَخَلَّوْا بَيْنَ صَاحِبِ الْمَالِ وَبَيْنَهُ، لَمْ يُكَلَّفُوا أَنْ يَقْتَضُوهُ. وَلَا شَيْءَ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَلَا شَيْءَ لَهُمْ. إِذَا أَسْلَمُوهُ إِلَى رَبِّ الْمَالِ. فَإِنِ اقْتَضَوْهُ. فَلَهُمْ فِيهِ مِنَ الشَّرْطِ وَالنَّفَقَةِ، مِثْلُ مَا كَانَ لِأَبِيهِمْ فِي ذَلِكَ هُمْ فِيهِ بِمَنْزِلَةِ أَبِيهِمْ، فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُونُوا أُمَنَاءَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ. فَإِنَّ لَهُمْ أَنْ يَأْتُوا بِأَمِينٍ ثِقَةٍ. فَيَقْتَضِي ذَلِكَ الْمَالَ. فَإِذَا اقْتَضَى جَمِيعَ الْمَالِ. وَجَمِيعَ الرِّبْحِ. كَانُوا فِي ذَلِكَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ أَبِيهِمْ. ¤ قَالَ مَالِكٌ : فِي رَجُلٍ دَفَعَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ مَالًا قِرَاضًا عَلَى أَنَّهُ يَعْمَلُ فِيهِ، فَمَا بَاعَ بِهِ مِنْ دَيْنٍ فَهُوَ ضَامِنٌ لَهُ، إِنَّ ذَلِكَ لَازِمٌ لَهُ إِنْ بَاعَ بِدَيْنٍ فَقَدْ ضَمِنَهُ.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if the mudarib bought some goods with the mudarabah capital, then sold those goods on credit at a profit, and before the debt was collected the mudarib died, then the heirs of the mudarib have the choice: either they collect the debt and take the place of the mudarib, or they can have the debt settled with the rabb al-mal and separate themselves, in which case they will receive nothing. If the heirs demand and collect the debt, then they will take their profit and expenses from it just as the mudarib would have, provided the heirs are trustworthy. If they are not trustworthy, then a trustworthy person should be appointed to collect the debt and profit, and when it is collected, they will be like the mudarib.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if the rabb al-mal stipulated to the mudarib that he should not sell on credit, and if he does, he will be liable, and then the mudarib sold on credit, then he is liable.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if the rabb al-mal stipulated to the mudarib that he should not sell on credit, and if he does, he will be liable, and then the mudarib sold on credit, then he is liable.
