موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب القراضBook: On the Explanation of Qirad (Profit-Sharing)
بَابُ مَا يَجُوزُ مِنَ الشَّرْطِ فِي الْقِرَاضِ
Permissible conditions in Qirad (investment partnership)
Hadith 1401Q8
قَالَ مَالِكٌ : فِي رَجُلٍ دَفَعَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ مَالًا قِرَاضًا، وَشَرَطَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ لَا تَشْتَرِيَ بِمَالِي إِلَّا سِلْعَةَ كَذَا وَكَذَا، أَوْ يَنْهَاهُ أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَ سِلْعَةً بِاسْمِهَا، مَنِ اشْتَرَطَ عَلَى مَنْ قَارَضَ أَنْ لَا يَشْتَرِيَ حَيَوَانًا أَوْ سِلْعَةً بِاسْمِهَا، فَلَا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ. ¤ قَالَ مَالِكٌ : وَمَنِ اشْتَرَطَ عَلَى مَنْ قَارَضَ أَنْ لَا يَشْتَرِيَ إِلَّا سِلْعَةَ كَذَا وَكَذَا، فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ مَكْرُوهٌ، إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونَ السِّلْعَةُ الَّتِي أَمَرَهُ أَنْ لَا يَشْتَرِيَ غَيْرَهَا كَثِيرَةً مَوْجُودَةً لَا تُخْلِفُ فِي شِتَاءٍ وَلَا صَيْفٍ فَلَا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ. ¤ قَالَ مَالِكٌ : فِي رَجُلٍ دَفَعَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ مَالًا قِرَاضًا، وَاشْتَرَطَ عَلَيْهِ فِيهِ شَيْئًا مِنَ الرِّبْحِ خَالِصًا دُونَ صَاحِبِهِ، فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ لَا يَصْلُحُ، وَإِنْ كَانَ دِرْهَمًا وَاحِدًا، إِلَّا أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَ نِصْفَ الرِّبْحِ لَهُ، وَنِصْفَهُ لِصَاحِبِهِ أَوْ ثُلُثَهُ أَوْ رُبُعَهُ أَوْ أَقَلَّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ أَوْ أَكْثَرَ، فَإِذَا سَمَّى شَيْئًا مِنْ ذَلِكَ قَلِيلًا أَوْ كَثِيرًا، فَإِنَّ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ سَمَّى مِنْ ذَلِكَ حَلَالٌ وَهُوَ قِرَاضُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ. ¤ قَالَ مَالِكٌ : وَلَكِنْ إِنِ اشْتَرَطَ أَنَّ لَهُ مِنَ الرِّبْحِ دِرْهَمًا وَاحِدًا فَمَا فَوْقَهُ خَالِصًا لَهُ دُونَ صَاحِبِهِ، وَمَا بَقِيَ مِنَ الرِّبْحِ فَهُوَ بَيْنَهُمَا نِصْفَيْنِ، فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ لَا يَصْلُحُ، وَلَيْسَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ قِرَاضُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if a person gives his wealth to another as mudarabah and stipulates that certain types of goods should not be purchased, there is nothing wrong with it.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if he stipulates that only a certain type of goods should be purchased, it is disliked. However, if those goods are abundantly available in the market in every season, then there is nothing wrong with it.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if the owner of the wealth in mudarabah fixes a specific profit for himself, even if it is one dirham, it is not valid. However, it is valid that the mudarib is allotted half, a third, or a quarter of the profit, and the rest is for himself.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if even one dirham more than the share is fixed, then the mudarabah will not be valid.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if he stipulates that only a certain type of goods should be purchased, it is disliked. However, if those goods are abundantly available in the market in every season, then there is nothing wrong with it.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if the owner of the wealth in mudarabah fixes a specific profit for himself, even if it is one dirham, it is not valid. However, it is valid that the mudarib is allotted half, a third, or a quarter of the profit, and the rest is for himself.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if even one dirham more than the share is fixed, then the mudarabah will not be valid.
