موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب القراضBook: On the Explanation of Qirad (Profit-Sharing)
بَابُ مَا يَجُوزُ فِي الْقِرَاضِ
Chapter on what is permissible in qirad (profit-sharing partnership)
Hadith 1401Q1
قَالَ مَالِكٌ : وَجْهُ الْقِرَاضِ الْمَعْرُوفِ الْجَائِزِ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ الرَّجُلُ الْمَالَ مِنْ صَاحِبِهِ عَلَى أَنْ يَعْمَلَ فِيهِ، وَلَا ضَمَانَ عَلَيْهِ، وَنَفَقَةُ الْعَامِلِ فِي الْمَالِ، فِي سَفَرِهِ مِنْ طَعَامِهِ وَكِسْوَتِهِ، وَمَا يُصْلِحُهُ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ، بِقَدْرِ الْمَالِ إِذَا شَخَصَ فِي الْمَالِ، إِذَا كَانَ الْمَالُ يَحْمِلُ ذَلِكَ. فَإِنْ كَانَ مُقِيمًا فِي أَهْلِهِ، فَلَا نَفَقَةَ لَهُ مِنَ الْمَالِ، وَلَا كِسْوَةَ. ¤ قَالَ مَالِكٌ : وَلَا بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يُعِينَ الْمُتَقَارِضَانِ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا صَاحِبَهُ عَلَى وَجْهِ الْمَعْرُوفِ، إِذَا صَحَّ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُمَا. قَالَ مَالِكٌ : وَلَا بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يَشْتَرِيَ رَبُّ الْمَالِ مِمَّنْ قَارَضَهُ بَعْضَ مَا يَشْتَرِي مِنَ السِّلَعِ إِذَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ صَحِيحًا عَلَى غَيْرِ شَرْطٍ. ¤ قَالَ مَالِكٌ : فِيمَنْ دَفَعَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ، وَإِلَى غُلَامٍ لَهُ مَالًا قِرَاضًا يَعْمَلَانِ فِيهِ جَمِيعًا، إِنَّ ذَلِكَ جَائِزٌ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ، لِأَنَّ الرِّبْحَ مَالٌ لِغُلَامِهِ، لَا يَكُونُ الرِّبْحُ لِلسَّيِّدِ حَتَّى يَنْتَزِعَهُ مِنْهُ، وَهُوَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ غَيْرِهِ مِنْ كَسْبِهِ.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that mudarabah is valid in such a way that a person takes money from another on the condition that he will work with it, but if there is a loss, there will be no liability on him, and the expenses of the mudarabah during travel, such as food, drink, and conveyance according to custom, will be given from that wealth, not in the state of residence.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if the mudarib helps the owner of the wealth, or does so according to the owner's custom without any condition, it is valid.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if the owner of the wealth gives wealth to a stranger and to his own slave as mudarabah on the condition that both will work, it is valid, and the profit from the slave's share will remain with the slave, but when the master takes it from him, it will become the master's.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if the mudarib helps the owner of the wealth, or does so according to the owner's custom without any condition, it is valid.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if the owner of the wealth gives wealth to a stranger and to his own slave as mudarabah on the condition that both will work, it is valid, and the profit from the slave's share will remain with the slave, but when the master takes it from him, it will become the master's.
