موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب البيوعBook: On the Rulings of Buying and Selling
بَابُ جَامِعِ الْبُيُوعِ
Comprehensive Chapter on Sales
Hadith 1395
حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى، عَنْ مَالِك، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ ، أَنَّ رَجُلًا ذَكَرَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ يُخْدَعُ فِي الْبُيُوعِ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " إِذَا بَايَعْتَ، فَقُلْ : لَا خِلَابَةَ " . قَالَ : فَكَانَ الرَّجُلُ إِذَا بَايَعَ، يَقُولُ : لَا خِلَابَةَ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that a man told the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that people deceive him in buying and selling. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When you buy and sell, say: 'There is no deception.'" So whenever that man made a transaction, he used to say: "There is no deception."
Hadith 1396
مَالِكٌ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ الْمُنْكَدِرِ يَقُولُ : أَحَبَّ اللهُ عَبْدًا، سَمْحًا إِنْ بَاعَ، سَمْحًا إِنِ ابْتَاعَ، سَمْحًا إِنْ قَضَى، سَمْحًا إِنِ اقْتَضَى . ¤
It is narrated from Yahya ibn Sa'id that Muhammad ibn Munkadir used to say: Allah loves the servant who is gentle when selling, gentle when buying, gentle when repaying a debt, and gentle when collecting a debt.
Hadith 1397
وَحَدَّثَنِي مَالِك، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ الْمُنْكَدِرِ، يَقُولُ : " أَحَبَّ اللَّهُ عَبْدًا سَمْحًا إِنْ بَاعَ، سَمْحًا إِنِ ابْتَاعَ، سَمْحًا إِنْ قَضَى، سَمْحًا إِنِ اقْتَضَى " . قَالَ مَالِك، فِي الرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي الْإِبِلَ أَوِ الْغَنَمَ أَوِ الْبَزَّ أَوِ الرَّقِيقَ أَوْ شَيْئًا مِنَ الْعُرُوضِ جِزَافًا : إِنَّهُ لَا يَكُونُ الْجِزَافُ فِي شَيْءٍ مِمَّا يُعَدُّ عَدًّا . قَالَ مَالِك، فِي الرَّجُلِ يُعْطِي الرَّجُلَ السِّلْعَةَ يَبِيعُهَا لَهُ وَقَدْ قَوَّمَهَا صَاحِبُهَا قِيمَةً، فَقَالَ : إِنْ بِعْتَهَا بِهَذَا الثَّمَنِ الَّذِي أَمَرْتُكَ بِهِ فَلَكَ دِينَارٌ أَوْ شَيْءٌ يُسَمِّيهِ لَهُ، يَتَرَاضَيَانِ عَلَيْهِ، وَإِنْ لَمْ تَبِعْهَا فَلَيْسَ لَكَ شَيْءٌ، إِنَّهُ لَا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ إِذَا سَمَّى ثَمَنًا يَبِيعُهَا بِهِ، وَسَمَّى أَجْرًا مَعْلُومًا إِذَا بَاعَ أَخَذَهُ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَبِعْ فَلَا شَيْءَ لَهُ . قَالَ مَالِك : وَمِثْلُ ذَلِكَ أَنْ يَقُولَ الرَّجُلُ لِلرَّجُلِ : إِنْ قَدَرْتَ عَلَى غُلَامِي الْآبِقِ أَوْ جِئْتَ بِجَمَلِي الشَّارِدِ فَلَكَ كَذَا وَكَذَا، فَهَذَا مِنْ بَاب الْجُعْلِ وَلَيْسَ مِنْ بَاب الْإِجَارَةِ، وَلَوْ كَانَ مِنْ بَاب الْإِجَارَةِ لَمْ يَصْلُحْ . قَالَ مَالِك : فَأَمَّا الرَّجُلُ يُعْطَى السِّلْعَةَ، فَيُقَالُ لَهُ : بِعْهَا وَلَكَ كَذَا وَكَذَا فِي كُلِّ دِينَارٍ لِشَيْءٍ يُسَمِّيهِ، فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ لَا يَصْلُحُ، لِأَنَّهُ كُلَّمَا نَقَصَ دِينَارٌ مِنْ ثَمَنِ السِّلْعَةِ، نَقَصَ مِنْ حَقِّهِ الَّذِي سَمَّى لَهُ، فَهَذَا غَرَرٌ لَا يَدْرِي كَمْ جَعَلَ لَهُ
Hazrat Saeed bin Musayyib used to say: When you come to a land where the people measure and weigh in full, stay there longer; when you come to a land where the people give short measure and weight, stay there less.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that it is not good for a person to buy camels, goats, cloth, or slaves in large uncounted groups; it is better to count those things which are sold by number.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if a person gives something to someone on the condition that if you sell it at this price, I will give you one dinar, and if you do not sell it, you will get nothing, there is no harm in this. Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: Its example is that a person says to another: If you bring back my runaway slave or my runaway camel, I will give you such and such amount; this is a kind of labor, not a hiring (ijarah). If it were ijarah, it would not be valid.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if a person gives his goods to someone on the condition that for every dinar you sell it for, I will give you such and such amount per dinar, this is not valid, because the wage is not fixed; it is not known for how many dinars it will be sold.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that it is not good for a person to buy camels, goats, cloth, or slaves in large uncounted groups; it is better to count those things which are sold by number.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if a person gives something to someone on the condition that if you sell it at this price, I will give you one dinar, and if you do not sell it, you will get nothing, there is no harm in this. Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: Its example is that a person says to another: If you bring back my runaway slave or my runaway camel, I will give you such and such amount; this is a kind of labor, not a hiring (ijarah). If it were ijarah, it would not be valid.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if a person gives his goods to someone on the condition that for every dinar you sell it for, I will give you such and such amount per dinar, this is not valid, because the wage is not fixed; it is not known for how many dinars it will be sold.
Hadith 1398
وَحَدَّثَنِي مَالِكٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، أَنَّهُ سَأَلَهُ " عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَتَكَارَى الدَّابَّةَ ثُمَ يُكْرِيهَا بِأَكْثَرَ مِمَّا تَكَرَاها بِهِ، فَقَالَ : لا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ "
Ibn Shihab was asked: If a person takes an animal, then gives it to another person for a higher rent? He said: There is no harm in it.
