موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب البيوعBook: On the Rulings of Buying and Selling
بَابُ الْجَائِحَةِ فِي بَيْعِ الثِّمَارِ وَالزَّرْعِ
Loss in sale of fruits and crops
Hadith 1318
حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى، عَنْ مَالِك، عَنْ أَبِي الرِّجَالِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ، عَنْ أُمِّهِ عَمْرَةَ بِنْتِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَهَا تَقُولُ : ابْتَاعَ رَجُلٌ ثَمَرَ حَائِطٍ فِي زَمَانِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَعَالَجَهُ وَقَامَ فِيهِ حَتَّى تَبَيَّنَ لَهُ النُّقْصَانُ، فَسَأَلَ رَبَّ الْحَائِطِ أَنْ يَضَعَ لَهُ أَوْ أَنْ يُقِيلَهُ، فَحَلَفَ أَنْ لَا يَفْعَلَ، فَذَهَبَتْ أُمُّ الْمُشْتَرِي إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لَهُ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " تَأَلَّى أَنْ لَا يَفْعَلَ خَيْرًا " . فَسَمِعَ بِذَلِكَ رَبُّ الْحَائِطِ، فَأَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، هُوَ لَهُ
It is narrated from Hazrat Umrah bint Abdur Rahman that in the time of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, a man bought the fruits of a garden and was engaged in their care, but a calamity struck which caused damage. He said to the owner of the garden: Either reduce the price of the fruits or cancel this sale. The owner swore an oath that he would never do so. Then the buyer’s mother came to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, and related the whole story. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Has he sworn an oath that he will not do this good deed?” When the owner of the garden heard this, he came to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, and said: O Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him! Whatever the buyer says, I accept.
Hadith 1319
وَحَدَّثَنِي، عَنْ مَالِك، أَنَّهُ بَلَغَهُ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ " قَضَى بِوَضْعِ الْجَائِحَةِ " .
Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz ordered that the buyer should bear the loss when a crop or fruit is afflicted by a calamity.
Hadith 1319B1
قَالَ مَالِك : وَعَلَى ذَلِكَ الْأَمْرُ عِنْدَنَا . قَالَ مَالِك : وَالْجَائِحَةُ الَّتِي تُوضَعُ عَنِ الْمُشْتَرِي الثُّلُثُ فَصَاعِدًا، وَلَا يَكُونُ مَا دُونَ ذَلِكَ جَائِحَةً
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: In our view, this is the ruling. However, it is necessary that the loss from this calamity amounts to one third of the wealth or more; if the loss is less than this, it is not considered.
