موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب البيوعBook: On the Rulings of Buying and Selling
بَابُ النَّهْيِ عَنْ بَيْعِ الثِّمَارِ حَتَّى يَبْدُوَ صَلَاحُهَا
Prohibition of selling fruit before its ripeness appears
Hadith 1312
حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى، عَنْ مَالِك، عَنْ نَافِعٍ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ، أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الثِّمَارِ حَتَّى يَبْدُوَ صَلَاحُهَا، نَهَى الْبَائِعَ وَالْمُشْتَرِيَ "
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the selling of fruits until their ripeness and goodness is certain; he forbade both the seller and the buyer.
Hadith 1313
وَحَدَّثَنِي، عَنْ مَالِك، عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ الطَّوِيلِ ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ، أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الثِّمَارِ حَتَّى تُزْهِيَ "، فَقِيلَ لَهُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، وَمَا تُزْهِيَ ؟ فَقَالَ : " حِينَ تَحْمَرُّ "، وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " أَرَأَيْتَ إِذَا مَنَعَ اللَّهُ الثَّمَرَةَ، فَبِمَ يَأْخُذُ أَحَدُكُمْ مَالَ أَخِيهِ "
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the selling of fruits until they become good in color. The people asked: "What is meant by this, O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Until they become red or yellow." And he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If Allah does not allow these fruits to ripen, then for what would one of you take his brother's wealth?"
Hadith 1314
وَحَدَّثَنِي، عَنْ مَالِك، عَنْ أَبِي الرِّجَالِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ حَارِثَةَ ، عَنْ أُمِّهِ عَمْرَةَ بِنْتِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الثِّمَارِ حَتَّى تَنْجُوَ مِنَ الْعَاهَةِ " .
It is narrated from Hazrat Amrah bint Abdur Rahman that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, forbade the sale of fruits until the fear of calamity has passed.
Hadith 1314B1
قَالَ مَالِكٌ : وَبَيْعُ الثِّمَارِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَبْدُوَ صَلَاحُهَا مِنْ بَيْعِ الْغَرَرِ
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that selling fruits before their goodness is known is a deceptive sale, from which the Prophet (peace be upon him) forbade.
Hadith 1315
وَحَدَّثَنِي، عَنْ وَحَدَّثَنِي، عَنْ مَالِك، عَنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ ، عَنْ خَارِجَةَ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ " أَنَّهُ كَانَ لَا يَبِيعُ ثِمَارَهُ، حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الثُّرَيَّا " .
Sayyiduna Zayd bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) used to sell his fruits when the stars of Thurayya appeared.
Hadith 1315B1
قَالَ مَالِكٌ : وَالْأَمْرُ عِنْدَنَا فِي بَيْعِ الْبِطِّيخِ، وَالْقِثَّاءِ، وَالْخِرْبِزِ، وَالْجَزَرِ إِنَّ بَيْعَهُ إِذَا بَدَا صَلَاحُهُ حَلَالٌ جَائِزٌ، ثُمَّ يَكُونُ لِلْمُشْتَرِي مَا يَنْبُتُ حَتَّى يَنْقَطِعَ ثَمَرُهُ وَيَهْلِكَ، وَلَيْسَ فِي ذَلِكَ وَقْتٌ يُؤَقَّتُ، وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ وَقْتَهُ مَعْرُوفٌ عِنْدَ النَّاسِ، وَرُبَّمَا دَخَلَتْهُ الْعَاهَةُ، فَقَطَعَتْ ثَمَرَتَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ ذَلِكَ الْوَقْتُ، فَإِذَا دَخَلَتْهُ الْعَاهَةُ بِجَائِحَةٍ تَبْلُغُ الثُّلُثَ فَصَاعِدًا، كَانَ ذَلِكَ مَوْضُوعًا عَنِ الَّذِي ابْتَاعَهُ
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that it is permissible to sell melon, cucumber, and carrot when their quality is known. Then whatever grows will belong to the buyer until the crop is finished. There is no fixed time for this; the ruling will be according to the custom and practice of each place. If, before that time, due to some calamity, there is a loss up to one third of the goods, then that loss will be compensated to the buyer. And if the loss is less than one third, then no compensation will be given.
