موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب المدبرBook: On the Explanation of Mudabbar (Slave Freed Upon Owner's Death)
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي جِرَاحِ أُمِّ الْوَلَدِ
What is reported about injuries of Umm al-Walad (mother of a child)
Hadith 1303Q1
قَالَ مَالِكٌ فِي أُمِّ الْوَلَدِ تَجْرَحُ : إِنَّ عَقْلَ ذَلِكَ الْجَرْحِ ضَامِنٌ عَلَى سَيِّدِهَا فِي مَالِهِ. إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ عَقْلُ ذَلِكَ الْجَرْحِ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ قِيمَةِ أُمِّ الْوَلَدِ. فَلَيْسَ عَلَى سَيِّدِهَا أَنْ يُخْرِجَ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ قِيمَتِهَا. وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ رَبَّ الْعَبْدِ أَوِ الْوَلِيدَةِ. إِذَا أَسْلَمَ غُلَامَهُ أَوْ وَلِيدَتَهُ، بِجُرْحٍ أَصَابَهُ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمَا. فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ أَكْثَرُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ، وَإِنْ كَثُرَ الْعَقْلُ. فَإِذَا لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ سَيِّدُ أُمِّ الْوَلَدِ أَنْ يُسَلِّمَهَا، لِمَا مَضَى فِي ذَلِكَ مِنَ السُّنَّةِ، فَإِنَّهُ إِذَا أَخْرَجَ قِيمَتَهَا فَكَأَنَّهُ أَسْلَمَهَا. فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ أَكْثَرُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ. وَهَذَا أَحْسَنُ مَا سَمِعْتُ. وَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَحْمِلَ مِنْ جِنَايَتِهَا أَكْثَرَ مِنْ قِيمَتِهَا.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if an umm walad injures someone, the blood money must be given by her master, except in the case where the blood money exceeds the value of the umm walad. In such a case, it is not obligatory for the master to hand over the slave woman or slave to the victim of the crime, even if the blood money is more than the value of the slave woman or slave. Here, the master of the umm walad cannot hand over the umm walad to the victim of the crime, because the sale, gift, or any kind of transfer of ownership of the umm walad is not permissible; rather, it is against the ancient Sunnah. Therefore, the value of the umm walad itself stands in place of the umm walad, and the master is not obliged to pay more than that. I have heard very well that it is not obligatory for the master to pay more than the value of the umm walad in the case of a crime.
Hadith 1303Q2
عَنْ مَّالِكٍ أَنَّهُ بَلَغَهُ أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ وَعُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ قَضَىٰ أَحَدُهُمَا فِي امْرَأَةٍ غَرَّتْ رَجُلًا بِنَفْسِهَا وَذَكَرَتْ أَنَّهَا هُرَّةٌ، فَوَلَدَتْ لَهُ أَوْلَادًا فَقَضَىٰ أَنْ يُّفْدِيَ وَلَدَهُ بِمِثْلِهِمْ.
Sayyiduna Umar ibn Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) or Sayyiduna Uthman ibn Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) gave the ruling: If a woman deceives someone by saying, "I am free," then marries and has children, and afterwards it is discovered that she is someone’s slave-girl, then by giving a slave-boy or slave-girl like her children, he can ransom his children.
Imam Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) said that in my view, giving the price is better.
Imam Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) said that in my view, giving the price is better.
