موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب المكاتبBook: On the Explanation of Mukatib (Contracted Slave)
بَابُ سَعْيِ الْمُكَاتَبِ
Efforts of the Mukatab (contracted slave)
Hadith 1297
عَنْ مَالِكٌ أَنَّهُ بَلَغَهُ أَنَّ عُرْوَةَ بْنَ الزُّبَيْرِ، وَسُلَيْمَانَ بْنَ يَسَارٍ، سُئِلَا عَنْ رَجُلٍ كَاتَبَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ وَعَلَى بَنِيهِ ثُمَّ مَاتَ. هَلْ يَسْعَى بَنُو الْمُكَاتَبِ فِي كِتَابَةِ أَبِيهِمْ أَمْ هُمْ عَبِيدٌ؟ فَقَالَا : بَلْ يَسْعَوْنَ فِي كِتَابَةِ أَبِيهِمْ وَلَا يُوضَعُ عَنْهُمْ لِمَوْتِ أَبِيهِمْ شَيْءٌ. ¤
Urwah bin Zubair and Sulayman bin Yasar were asked: If a person makes himself and his sons mukatab (contracted for manumission) and then dies, will his sons work to pay off the contract or remain slaves? They said: They will strive to fulfill their father's contract, and their father's death will not reduce anything from the amount of the contract.
Hadith 1297B1
قَالَ مَالِكٌ : وَإِنْ كَانُوا صِغَارًا لَا يُطِيقُونَ السَّعْيَ. لَمْ يُنْتَظَرْ بِهِمْ أَنْ يَكْبَرُوا، وَكَانُوا رَقِيقًا لِسَيِّدِ أَبِيهِمْ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ الْمُكَاتَبُ تَرَكَ مَا يُؤَدَّى بِهِ عَنْهُمْ نُجُومُهُمْ. إِلَى أَنْ يَتَكَلَّفُوا السَّعْيَ. فَإِنْ كَانَ فِيمَا تَرَكَ مَا يُؤَدَّى عَنْهُمْ، أُدِّيَ ذَلِكَ عَنْهُمْ. وَتُرِكُوا عَلَى حَالِهِمْ. حَتَّى يَبْلُغُوا السَّعْيَ. فَإِنْ أَدَّوْا عَتَقُوا وَإِنْ عَجَزُوا رَقُّوا. ¤
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if the sons of a mukatab are minors and cannot work or labor, then their coming of age will not be waited for, and they will become the slaves of their father's master. However, if the mukatab leaves behind enough wealth to cover the installments until their maturity, then in that case, their coming of age will be waited for. After reaching maturity, if they pay the remainder of the contract of manumission, they will become free, and if they are unable to do so, they will become slaves.
Hadith 1297B2
قَالَ مَالِكٌ فِي الْمُكَاتَبِ يَمُوتُ وَيَتْرُكُ مَالًا لَيْسَ فِيهِ وَفَاءُ الْكِتَابَةِ. وَيَتْرُكُ وَلَدًا مَعَهُ فِي كِتَابَتِهِ وَأُمَّ وَلَدٍ. فَأَرَادَتْ أُمُّ وَلَدِهِ أَنْ تَسْعَى عَلَيْهِمْ : إِنَّهُ يُدْفَعُ إِلَيْهَا الْمَالُ إِذَا كَانَتْ مَأْمُونَةً عَلَى ذَلِكَ قَوِيَّةً عَلَى السَّعْيِ. وَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ قَوِيَّةً عَلَى السَّعْيِ. وَلَا مَأْمُونَةً عَلَى الْمَالِ لَمْ تُعْطَ شَيْئًا مِنْ ذَلِكَ. وَرَجَعَتْ هِيَ وَوَلَدُ الْمُكَاتَبِ رَقِيقًا لِسَيِّدِ الْمُكَاتَبِ.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if a mukatab dies and leaves behind wealth that is not sufficient to cover the price of his manumission, and he leaves behind his children and an umm walad who was included in the contract of manumission, then if the umm walad wishes to take that wealth and work hard along with the children to earn their freedom, if the umm walad is trustworthy and capable of bearing the hardship of labor, then the wealth should be handed over to her. Otherwise, the master will take the wealth, and the umm walad and the children of the mukatab will become slaves of the master.
