موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب العتق والولاءBook: On the Explanation of Emancipation and Allegiance
بَابُ مَصِيرِ الْوَلَاءِ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ
Transfer of Wala' (allegiance) to the emancipator
Hadith 1283
حَدَّثَنِي مَالِك، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ : جَاءَتْ بَرِيرَةُ، فَقَالَتْ : إِنِّي كَاتَبْتُ أَهْلِي عَلَى تِسْعِ أَوَاقٍ فِي كُلِّ عَامٍ أُوقِيَّةٌ، فَأَعِينِينِي . فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ : إِنْ أَحَبَّ أَهْلُكِ أَنْ أَعُدَّهَا لَهُمْ عَنْكِ عَدَدْتُهَا، وَيَكُونَ لِي وَلَاؤُكِ، فَعَلْتُ . فَذَهَبَتْ بَرِيرَةُ إِلَى أَهْلِهَا، فَقَالَتْ لَهُمْ ذَلِكَ، فَأَبَوْا عَلَيْهَا، فَجَاءَتْ مِنْ عِنْدِ أَهْلِهَا وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ جَالِسٌ، فَقَالَتْ لِعَائِشَةَ : إِنِّي قَدْ عَرَضْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ ذَلِكَ، فَأَبَوْا عَلَيَّ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ الْوَلَاءُ لَهُمْ، فَسَمِعَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَسَأَلَهَا، فَأَخْبَرَتْهُ عَائِشَةُ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " خُذِيهَا وَاشْتَرِطِي لَهُمُ الْوَلَاءَ، فَإِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ " . فَفَعَلَتْ عَائِشَةُ، ثُمَّ قَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي النَّاسِ، فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : أَمَّا بَعْدُ " فَمَا بَالُ رِجَالٍ يَشْتَرِطُونَ شُرُوطًا لَيْسَتْ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ، مَا كَانَ مِنْ شَرْطٍ لَيْسَ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ فَهُوَ بَاطِلٌ، وَإِنْ كَانَ مِائَةَ شَرْطٍ، قَضَاءُ اللَّهِ أَحَقُّ، وَشَرْطُ اللَّهِ أَوْثَقُ، وَإِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ "
Barirah came to Lady Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, and said: My people have made a contract of emancipation with me for nine awqiyah, one awqiyah each year, so help me. Lady Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, said: If your people agree, I will pay all at once, but I will take your wala (right of allegiance). Barirah went to her people, told them, and they refused to give the wala. Then Barirah returned to Lady Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, and the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, was also sitting there, and she said: I told my people, but they refuse and say the wala will be ours. When the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, heard this, he asked: "What is the matter?" Lady Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, narrated the whole story. He, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "Take Barirah and make the condition of wala for them, for the wala belongs to the one who sets free." Lady Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, did so. After that, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, went out among the people, praised Allah the Exalted, then said: "What is the matter with people who stipulate conditions that are not in the Book of Allah? Any condition that is not in the Book of Allah is invalid, even if it is stipulated a hundred times. Allah's command is true and His condition is firm. The wala belongs to the one who sets free."
Hadith 1284
وَحَدَّثَنِي مَالِك، عَنْ نَافِعٍ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ ، أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ أُمَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَرَادَتْ أَنْ تَشْتَرِيَ جَارِيَةً تُعْتِقُهَا، فَقَالَ أَهْلُهَا : نَبِيعُكِهَا عَلَى أَنَّ وَلَاءَهَا لَنَا . فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ : لَا يَمْنَعَنَّكِ ذَلِكَ " فَإِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ "
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that Sayyidah Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) wanted to buy a slave girl and set her free. Her people said: "We will sell her on the condition that the wala' (right of inheritance/loyalty) will be ours." Sayyidah Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) mentioned this matter to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and he said: "There is no harm for you; the wala' belongs to the one who sets free."
Hadith 1285
وَحَدَّثَنِي مَالِك، عَنْ نَافِعٍ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ ، أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ أُمَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَرَادَتْ أَنْ تَشْتَرِيَ جَارِيَةً تُعْتِقُهَا، فَقَالَ أَهْلُهَا : نَبِيعُكِهَا عَلَى أَنَّ وَلَاءَهَا لَنَا . فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ : لَا يَمْنَعَنَّكِ ذَلِكَ " فَإِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ " ¤ قَالَ يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ : فَزَعَمَتْ عَمْرَةُ أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ، ذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللّٰهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللّٰهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : ” اشْتَرِيهَا وَأَعْتِقِيهَا فَإِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ.“
It is narrated from Sayyida Amrah bint Abdur Rahman (may Allah be pleased with her) that Bareerah came to seek help from Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her). Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) said: If your people agree that I pay them your price in one lump sum and set you free, then I am willing. Bareerah conveyed this to her people, and they said: We will not sell except on the condition that the wala’ (right of inheritance/loyalty) remains with us.
Yahya bin Saeed said that Hazrat Amrah said that then Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) mentioned this to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and he said: "Buy her and set her free, for the wala’ belongs only to the one who sets free."
Yahya bin Saeed said that Hazrat Amrah said that then Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) mentioned this to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and he said: "Buy her and set her free, for the wala’ belongs only to the one who sets free."
Hadith 1286
وَحَدَّثَنِي مَالِك، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ ، أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الْوَلَاءِ وَعَنْ هِبَتِهِ " .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the sale or gift of wala’.
Hadith 1286B1
قَالَ مَالِك، فِي الْعَبْدِ يَبْتَاعُ نَفْسَهُ مِنْ سَيِّدِهِ عَلَى أَنَّهُ يُوَالِي مَنْ شَاءَ : إِنَّ ذَلِكَ لَا يَجُوزُ، وَإِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ، وَلَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَذِنَ لِمَوْلَاهُ أَنْ يُوَالِيَ مَنْ شَاءَ مَا جَازَ ذَلِكَ، لِأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ : " الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ " . وَنَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " عَنْ بَيْعِ الْوَلَاءِ وَعَنْ هِبَتِهِ "، فَإِذَا جَازَ لِسَيِّدِهِ أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَ ذَلِكَ لَهُ وَأَنْ يَأْذَنَ لَهُ أَنْ يُوَالِيَ مَنْ شَاءَ، فَتِلْكَ الْهِبَةُ
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if a slave makes a contract of manumission with his master on the condition that his wala’ (right of inheritance/loyalty) will go to whomever he wishes, then this is not permissible because wala’ will go only to the one who sets him free. And if the master gives the slave permission to make a contract of wala’ with whomever he wishes, even then it will not be permissible, because the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Wala’ will go to the one who sets free.” And the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, forbade the sale and gift of wala’. So if it were permissible for the master to stipulate the condition of wala’ with the slave or to give him permission to give wala’ to whomever he wishes, then in that case wala’ would become a gift.
