موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب النكاحBook: On the Explanation of Marriage
بَابُ مَا لَا يَجُوزُ مِنْ نِكَاحِ الرَّجُلِ أُمَّ امْرَأَتِهِ
Impermissibility of marrying a wife's mother
Hadith 1095
وَحَدَّثَنِي وَحَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى، عَنْ مَالِك، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ : سُئِلَ زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً، ثُمَّ فَارَقَهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يُصِيبَهَا، هَلْ تَحِلُّ لَهُ أُمُّهَا ؟ فَقَالَ زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ : " لَا، الْأُمُّ مُبْهَمَةٌ لَيْسَ فِيهَا شَرْطٌ، وَإِنَّمَا الشَّرْطُ فِي الرَّبَائِبِ "
It is narrated from Yahya ibn Sa'id that Sayyiduna Zayd ibn Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) was asked: A man married a woman, then left her before having intercourse with her. Is it permissible for him to marry her mother? He replied: No, because Allah, the Glorious and Exalted, has said: "Your wives' mothers are forbidden to you," and no condition has been stipulated in this regard that it applies only to those wives with whom you have had intercourse. Rather, the condition has been stipulated in the case of stepdaughters.
Hadith 1096
وَحَدَّثَنِي، عَنْ وَحَدَّثَنِي، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ، أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ مَسْعُودٍ اسْتُفْتِيَ وَهُوَ بِالْكُوفَةِ، عَنْ نِكَاحِ الْأُمِّ بَعْدَ الْابْنَةِ، إِذَا لَمْ تَكُنْ الِابْنَةُ مُسَّتْ، فَأَرْخَصَ فِي ذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ، فَسَأَلَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ، فَأُخْبِرَ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ كَمَا قَالَ، وَإِنَّمَا الشَّرْطُ فِي الرَّبَائِبِ، فَرَجَعَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ إِلَى الْكُوفَةِ، فَلَمْ يَصِلْ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ حَتَّى أَتَى الرَّجُلَ الَّذِي أَفْتَاهُ بِذَلِكَ، " فَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُفَارِقَ امْرَأَتَهُ " .
Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) was asked in Kufa: A man married a woman, then left her before consummation; now, what is the ruling on marrying her mother? He said that it is permissible. Then Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) came to Madinah and investigated, and found out that the wife's mother is absolutely forbidden, whether one has had intercourse with the wife or not, and the condition of intercourse applies only to stepdaughters. When Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) returned to Kufa, he first went to the house of the person to whom he had given the ruling, and said to him: Leave that woman.
Hadith 1096B1
قَالَ مَالِكٌ فِي الرَّجُلِ تَكُونُ تَحْتَهُ الْمَرْأَةُ، ثُمَّ يَنْكِحُ أُمَّهَا فَيُصِيبُهَا : إِنَّهَا تَحْرُمُ عَلَيْهِ امْرَأَتُهُ، وَيُفَارِقُهُمَا جَمِيعًا، وَيَحْرُمَانِ عَلَيْهِ أَبَدًا، إِذَا كَانَ قَدْ أَصَابَ الْأُمَّ، فَإِنْ لَمْ يُصِبْ الْأُمَّ، لَمْ تَحْرُمْ عَلَيْهِ امْرَأَتُهُ، وَفَارَقَ الْأُمَّ .
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: A man married a woman, then married her mother and had intercourse, then both the mother and daughter become permanently forbidden to him forever.
Hadith 1096B2
وَقَالَ مَالِكٌ فِي الرَّجُلِ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةَ، ثُمَّ يَنْكِحُ أُمَّهَا، فَيُصِيبُهَا : إِنَّهُ لَا تَحِلُّ لَهُ أُمُّهَا أَبَدًا، وَلَا تَحِلُّ لِأَبِيهِ، وَلَا لِابْنِهِ، وَلَا تَحِلُّ لَهُ ابْنَتُهَا، وَتَحْرُمُ عَلَيْهِ امْرَأَتُهُ
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: However, if he does not have intercourse with the mother, then he should leave her, and her daughter will remain lawful for him.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: If a man marries a woman, then marries her mother and has intercourse with her, then the mother’s mother will also become unlawful, and the mother will remain unlawful for that man’s father and son.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: If a man marries a woman, then marries her mother and has intercourse with her, then the mother’s mother will also become unlawful, and the mother will remain unlawful for that man’s father and son.
Hadith 1096B3
قَالَ مَالِكٌ : فَأَمَّا الزِّنَا، فَإِنَّهُ لَا يُحَرِّمُ شَيْئًا مِنْ ذَلِكَ، لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى قَالَ : وَأُمَّهَاتُ نِسَائِكُمْ سورة النساء آية 23، فَإِنَّمَا حَرَّمَ مَا كَانَ تَزْوِيجًا، وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ تَحْرِيمَ الزِّنَا، فَكُلُّ تَزْوِيجٍ كَانَ عَلَى وَجْهِ الْحَلَالِ يُصِيبُ صَاحِبُهُ امْرَأَتَهُ، فَهُوَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ التَّزْوِيجِ الْحَلَالِ، فَهَذَا الَّذِي سَمِعْتُ وَالَّذِي عَلَيْهِ أَمْرُ النَّاسِ عِنْدَنَا
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: Prohibition is not established through fornication. That is, if a man commits fornication with a woman, her mother and daughter do not become forbidden to him, because Darqutni narrated from Sayyida Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, and Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: The unlawful does not make the lawful unlawful.
Hadith 1096B4
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: This is because Allah, the Glorious and Exalted, has said: "Your mothers are forbidden to you, and your wives' [mothers]." So Allah has made mothers unlawful due to marriage with their daughters, not due to fornication. Therefore, when marriage is contracted with a woman, even if it is invalid, the prohibition is established, but not through fornication.
