موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب النكاحBook: On the Explanation of Marriage
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي الْخِطْبَةِ
Chapter on what is reported regarding the marriage sermon (khutbah)
Hadith 1074
حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى، عَنْ مَالِك، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ حَبَّانَ ، عَنِ الْأَعْرَجِ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ : أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ : " لَا يَخْطُبُ أَحَدُكُمْ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ "
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "None of you should send a marriage proposal over the proposal of his Muslim brother."
Hadith 1075
وَحَدَّثَنِي، عَنْ مَالِك، عَنْ نَافِعٍ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ : أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ : " لَا يَخْطُبُ أَحَدُكُمْ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ " . قَالَ مَالِكٌ : وَتَفْسِيرُ قَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فِيمَا نُرَى وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ : لَا يَخْطُبُ أَحَدُكُمْ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ، أَنْ يَخْطُبَ الرَّجُلُ الْمَرْأَةَ، فَتَرْكَنَ إِلَيْهِ، وَيَتَّفِقَانِ عَلَى صَدَاقٍ وَاحِدٍ مَعْلُومٍ، وَقَدْ تَرَاضَيَا، فَهِيَ تَشْتَرِطُ عَلَيْهِ لِنَفْسِهَا، فَتِلْكَ الَّتِي نَهَى أَنْ يَخْطُبَهَا الرَّجُلُ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ، وَلَمْ يَعْنِ بِذَلِكَ : إِذَا خَطَبَ الرَّجُلُ الْمَرْأَةَ فَلَمْ يُوَافِقْهَا أَمْرُهُ وَلَمْ تَرْكَنْ إِلَيْهِ، أَنْ لَا يَخْطُبَهَا أَحَدٌ، فَهَذَا بَاب فَسَادٍ يَدْخُلُ عَلَى النَّاسِ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "None of you should send a marriage proposal over the proposal of his brother."
Imam Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The meaning of this hadith is that when a man’s proposal is settled with a woman, and the woman’s heart inclines towards the man, and the dowry is agreed upon, then another man should not send a proposal to that woman. And it does not mean that if a person has sent a proposal to a woman and it has not been settled, then it is not permissible for another to send a proposal.
Imam Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The meaning of this hadith is that when a man’s proposal is settled with a woman, and the woman’s heart inclines towards the man, and the dowry is agreed upon, then another man should not send a proposal to that woman. And it does not mean that if a person has sent a proposal to a woman and it has not been settled, then it is not permissible for another to send a proposal.
Hadith 1076
وَحَدَّثَنِي، عَنْ مَالِك، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى : وَلا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِيمَا عَرَّضْتُمْ بِهِ مِنْ خِطْبَةِ النِّسَاءِ أَوْ أَكْنَنْتُمْ فِي أَنْفُسِكُمْ عَلِمَ اللَّهُ أَنَّكُمْ سَتَذْكُرُونَهُنَّ وَلَكِنْ لا تُوَاعِدُوهُنَّ سِرًّا إِلا أَنْ تَقُولُوا قَوْلا مَعْرُوفًا سورة البقرة آية 235 : " أَنْ يَقُولَ الرَّجُلُ لِلْمَرْأَةِ، وَهِيَ فِي عِدَّتِهَا مِنْ وَفَاةِ زَوْجِهَا : إِنَّكِ عَلَيَّ لَكَرِيمَةٌ، وَإِنِّي فِيكِ لَرَاغِبٌ، وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَسَائِقٌ إِلَيْكِ خَيْرًا وَرِزْقًا، وَنَحْوَ هَذَا مِنَ الْقَوْلِ "
Hazrat Qasim bin Muhammad used to say in the explanation of this verse: «﴿ولَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِيمَا عَرَّضْتُمْ بِهِ مِنْ خِطْبَةِ النِّسَاءِ، أَوْ أَكْنَنْتُمْ فِي أَنْفُسِكُمْ، عَلِمَ اللّٰهُ أَنَّكُمْ سَتَذْكُرُونَهُنَّ، وَلَكِنْ لَا تُوَاعِدُوهُنَّ سِرًّا، إِلَّا أَنْ تَقُولُوا قَوْلًا مَعْرُوفًا﴾ [البقرة: 235]» That is, there is no sin upon you to make an indirect proposal to a woman when she is in her waiting period (‘iddah). Indirect proposal means that a man sends word to a woman: "I like you," or "I desire you," or "May Allah grant you goodness and sustenance," or says something similar.
