موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب الصيدBook: On the Explanation of Hunting
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِيمَنْ يُضْطَرُّ إِلَى أَكْلِ الْمَيْتَةِ
What is reported about one compelled to eat carrion
Hadith 1053Q1
عَنْ مَالِكٍ أَنَّ أَحْسَنَ مَا سُمِعَ فِي الرَّجُلِ يُضْطَرُّ إِلَى الْمَيْتَةِ، أَنَّهُ يَأْكُلُ مِنْهَا، حَتَّى يَشْبَعَ وَيَتَزَوَّدُ مِنْهَا، فَإِنْ وَجَدَ عَنْهَا غِنًى طَرَحَهَا. وَسُئِلَ مَالِكٌ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُضْطَرُّ إِلَى الْمَيْتَةِ أَيَأْكُلُ مِنْهَا؟ وَهُوَ يَجِدُ ثَمَرَ الْقَوْمِ، أَوْ زَرْعًا أَوْ غَنَمًا بِمَكَانِهِ ذَلِكَ؟
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: It is permissible for the one in necessity to eat the dead animal to his fill, and to take some of it as provision, but if he finds something lawful, he should throw away that provision.
Hadith 1053Q2
قَالَ مَالِكٌ : إِنْ ظَنَّ أَنَّ أَهْلَ ذَلِكَ الثَّمَرِ أَوِ الزَّرْعِ أَوِ الْغَنَمِ يُصَدِّقُونَهُ بِضَرُورَتِهِ، حَتَّى لَا يُعَدُّ سَارِقًا فَتُقْطَعَ يَدُهُ، رَأَيْتُ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ مِنْ أَيِّ ذَلِكَ وَجَدَ مَا يَرُدُّ جُوعَهُ، وَلَا يَحْمِلُ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا، وَذَلِكَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ الْمَيْتَةَ، وَإِنْ هُوَ خَشِيَ أَنْ لَا يُصَدِّقُوهُ، وَأَنْ يُعَدَّ سَارِقًا بِمَا أَصَابَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ، فَإِنَّ أَكْلَ الْمَيْتَةِ خَيْرٌ لَهُ عِنْدِي، وَلَهُ فِي أَكْلِ الْمَيْتَةِ عَلَى هَذَا الْوَجْهِ سَعَةٌ، مَعَ أَنِّي أَخَافُ أَنْ يَعْدُوَ عَادٍ مِمَّنْ لَمْ يُضْطَرَّ إِلَى الْمَيْتَةِ يُرِيدُ اسْتِجَازَةَ أَخْذِ أَمْوَالِ النَّاسِ وَزُرُوعِهِمْ وَثِمَارِهِمْ بِذَلِكَ بِدُونِ اضْطِرَارٍ
Imam Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) was asked whether a person in dire need should eat carrion or eat the fruit from someone’s garden, or from a field, or take a goat. Imam Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) replied: If the owner of the garden, field, or goat considers the person in need to be truthful, and does not have his hand cut off thinking him to be a thief, then eating these things is better than eating carrion. But if the person in need fears that the owner of these things will not consider him truthful, and will have his hand cut off thinking him to be a thief, then eating carrion is better. And if eating someone else’s property was better than eating carrion in every situation, then wicked people would use this excuse to consume others’ property.
Hadith 1053Q3
قَالَ مَالِكٌ : وَهَذَا أَحْسَنُ مَا سَمِعْتُ.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: I like what I have heard.
