موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Malik (Yahya)
كتاب الجهادBook: On the Explanation of Jihad
بَابُ إِحْرَازِ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ أَرْضَهُ
Chapter on Protection of Land by Non-Muslim Citizens Who Embrace Islam
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Hadith 1006
وَحَدَّثَنِي، عَنْ مَالِك، عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ، عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ، أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ : " مَنْ أَنْفَقَ زَوْجَيْنِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ نُودِيَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ، يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ هَذَا خَيْرٌ فَمَنْ كَانَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الصَّلَاةِ، دُعِيَ مِنْ بَاب الصَّلَاةِ، وَمَنْ كَانَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجِهَادِ، دُعِيَ مِنْ بَاب الْجِهَادِ، وَمَنْ كَانَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الصَّدَقَةِ، دُعِيَ مِنْ بَاب الصَّدَقَةِ، وَمَنْ كَانَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الصِّيَامِ، دُعِيَ مِنْ بَاب الرَّيَّانِ "، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، مَا عَلَى مَنْ يُدْعَى مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأَبْوَابِ مِنْ ضَرُورَةٍ، فَهَلْ يُدْعَى أَحَدٌ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأَبْوَابِ كُلِّهَا ؟ قَالَ : " نَعَمْ، وَأَرْجُو أَنْ تَكُونَ مِنْهُمْ "
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "Whoever spends a pair (for example, two camels or two goats or two coins) in the way of Allah, he will be called from the gate of Paradise on the Day of Resurrection: O servant of Allah! This is good. So whoever is among those who pray will be called from the gate of prayer, whoever is among those who strive (in jihad) will be called from the gate of jihad, whoever is among those who give charity will be called from the gate of charity, and whoever is among those who fast frequently will be called from the gate of Rayyan." Sayyiduna Abu Bakr Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)! There will be no harm to the one who is called from any one of these gates, but will there be anyone who will be called from all the gates? He (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "Yes, and I hope that you will be among them."
سُئِلَ مَالِكٌ عَنْ إِمَامٍ قَبِلَ الْجِزْيَةَ مِنْ قَوْمٍ فَكَانُوا يُعْطُونَهَا. أَرَأَيْتَ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ مِنْهُمْ. أَتَكُونُ لَهُ أَرْضُهُ، أَوْ تَكُونُ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَيَكُونُ لَهُمْ مَالُهُ؟ فَقَالَ مَالِكٌ : ذَلِكَ يَخْتَلِفُ. أَمَّا أَهْلُ الصُّلْحِ، فَإِنَّ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ مِنْهُمْ فَهُوَ أَحَقُّ بِأَرْضِهِ وَمَالِهِ. وَأَمَّا أَهْلُ الْعَنْوَةِ الَّذِينَ أُخِذُوا عَنْوَةً، فَمَنْ أَسْلَمَ مِنْهُمْ فَإِنَّ أَرْضَهُ وَمَالَهُ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ. لِأَنَّ أَهْلَ الْعَنْوَةِ قَدْ غُلِبُوا عَلَى بِلَادِهِمْ. وَصَارَتْ فَيْئًا لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ. وَأَمَّا أَهْلُ الصُّلْحِ فَإِنَّهُمْ قَدْ مَنَعُوا أَمْوَالَهُمْ وَأَنْفُسَهُمْ. حَتَّى صَالَحُوا عَلَيْهَا. فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِمْ إِلَّا مَا صَالَحُوا عَلَيْهِ.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, was asked: If an imam imposes jizya on a people (non-Muslims), and someone among those non-Muslims becomes Muslim, will his land and property remain with him or will it become the property of the Muslims? Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, replied: There are two situations in this matter. If those non-Muslims made peace and willingly accepted jizya without fighting, then whoever among them becomes Muslim, his land and property will remain with him. But if those non-Muslims were subdued by war and the sword, then their land and property will become the property of the Muslims, even if someone among them becomes Muslim.
