موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب الجهادBook: On the Explanation of Jihad
بَابُ مَا يَجُوزُ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ أَكْلُهُ قَبْلَ الْخُمُسِ
What is permissible for Muslims to eat before the one-fifth is taken
Hadith 975Q2
قَالَ مَالِكٍ : لَا أَرَى بَأْسًا أَنْ يَأْكُلَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ إِذَا دَخَلُوا أَرْضَ الْعَدُوِّ مِنْ طَعَامِهِمْ، مَا وَجَدُوا مِنْ ذَلِكَ كُلِّهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقَعَ فِي الْمَقَاسِمِ. ¤ قَالَ مَالِكٍ : وَأَنَا أَرَى الْإِبِلَ وَالْبَقَرَ وَالْغَنَمَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الطَّعَامِ. يَأْكُلُ مِنْهُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ إِذَا دَخَلُوا أَرْضَ الْعَدُوِّ. كَمَا يَأْكُلُونَ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ. ¤
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: When Muslims enter the land of the disbelievers and find food items there, it is permissible to eat before distribution.
Hadith 975Q3
قَالَ مَالِكٍ : وَلَوْ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ لَا يُؤْكَلُ حَتَّى يَحْضُرَ النَّاسُ الْمَقَاسِمَ، وَيُقْسَمَ بَيْنَهُمْ، أَضَرَّ ذَلِكَ بِالْجُيُوشِ. فَلَا أَرَى بَأْسًا بِمَا أُكِلَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ كُلِّهِ، عَلَى وَجْهِ الْمَعْرُوفِ. وَلَا أَرَى أَنْ يَدَّخِرَ أَحَدٌ مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْئًا يَرْجِعُ بِهِ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ. ¤
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: Camels, cattle, and goats are also edible things; it is permissible to eat them before distribution.
Hadith 975Q4
وَسُئِلَ مالكٌ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُصِيبُ الطَّعَامَ فِي أَرْضِ الْعَدُوِّ، فَيَأْكُلُ مِنْهُ وَيَتَزَوَّدُ، فَيَفْضُلُ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ، أَيَصْلُحُ لَهُ أَنْ يَحْبِسَهُ فَيَأْكُلَهُ فِي أَهْلِهِ، أَوْ يَبِيعَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقْدَمَ بِلَادَهُ فَيَنْتَفِعَ بِثَمَنهِ؟
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: If these things are not eaten and are brought for distribution, then it would cause hardship to the army; in this case, eating them is permissible, but only as much as necessary according to custom, and it is not permissible for anyone to keep any of these things aside and take them to his home.
Hadith 975Q5
قَالَ مَالِكٌ : إِنْ بَاعَهُ وَهُوَ فِي الْغَزْوِ، فَإِنِّي أَرَى أَنْ يَجْعَلَ ثَمَنَهُ فِي غَنَائِمِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ. وَإِنْ بَلَغَ بِهِ بَلَدَهُ، فَلَا أَرَى بَأْسًا أَنْ يَأْكُلَهُ وَيَنْتَفِعَ بِهِ، إِذَا كَانَ يَسِيرًا تَافِهًا.
Imam Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) was asked: If a person finds food in the land of the disbelievers, eats from it, and some remains, is it permissible for him to bring it to his home or to sell it on the way and take its price? Imam Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) replied: If he sells it in the state of jihad, then he should include its price in the spoils of war, and if he returns to his city, then in that case it is permissible to benefit from its food or its price when the thing is small and insignificant.
