موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب الجهادBook: On the Explanation of Jihad
بَابُ النَّهْيِ عَنْ قَتْلِ النِّسَاءِ وَالْوِلْدَانِ فِي الْغَزْوِ
Chapter on prohibition of killing women and children in battle
Hadith 966
حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى، عَنْ مَالِك، عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ، عَنْ ابْنٍ لِكَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ : حَسِبْتُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ كَعْبٍ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ : " نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الَّذِينَ قَتَلُوا ابْنَ أَبِي الْحُقَيْقِ، عَنْ قَتْلِ النِّسَاءِ وَالْوِلْدَانِ "، قَالَ : فَكَانَ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ، يَقُولُ : بَرَّحَتْ بِنَا امْرَأَةُ ابْنِ أَبِي الْحُقَيْقِ بِالصِّيَاحِ، فَأَرْفَعُ السَّيْفَ عَلَيْهَا، ثُمَّ أَذْكُرُ نَهْيَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَكُفُّ، وَلَوْلَا ذَلِكَ اسْتَرَحْنَا مِنْهَا
It is narrated from Abdur Rahman bin Ka'b that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, forbade those people who killed Ibn Abi Al-Huqaiq from killing women and children. Ibn Ka'b said that one of them used to say that the wife of Ibn Abi Al-Huqaiq screamed and exposed our situation, so he raised his sword over her, but then, remembering the prohibition of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, he refrained. If it had not been for that, we would have dealt with her as well.
Hadith 967
وَحَدَّثَنِي، عَنْ مَالِك، عَنْ نَافِعٍ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَ " أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَأَى فِي بَعْضِ مَغَازِيهِ امْرَأَةً مَقْتُولَةً، فَأَنْكَرَ ذَلِكَ، وَنَهَى عَنْ قَتْلِ النِّسَاءِ وَالصِّبْيَانِ "
It is narrated from Hazrat Nafi that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, found a woman killed in one of the battles, so he disapproved of it and forbade the killing of women and children.
Hadith 968
وَحَدَّثَنِي، عَنْ مَالِك، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ ، أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقَ بَعَثَ جُيُوشًا إِلَى الشَّامِ، فَخَرَجَ يَمْشِي مَعَ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ، وَكَانَ أَمِيرَ رُبْعٍ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْأَرْبَاعِ، فَزَعَمُوا أَنَّ يَزِيدَ، قَالَ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ : إِمَّا أَنْ تَرْكَبَ، وَإِمَّا أَنْ أَنْزِلَ . فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : " مَا أَنْتَ بِنَازِلٍ وَمَا أَنَا بِرَاكِبٍ، إِنِّي أَحْتَسِبُ خُطَايَ هَذِهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ "، ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ : " إِنَّكَ سَتَجِدُ قَوْمًا زَعَمُوا أَنَّهُمْ حَبَسُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ لِلَّهِ، فَذَرْهُمْ وَمَا زَعَمُوا أَنَّهُمْ حَبَسُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ لَهُ، وَسَتَجِدُ قَوْمًا، فَحَصُوا عَنْ أَوْسَاطِ رُءُوسِهِمْ مِنَ الشَّعَرِ، فَاضْرِبْ مَا فَحَصُوا عَنْهُ بِالسَّيْفِ، وَإِنِّي مُوصِيكَ بِعَشْرٍ : لَا تَقْتُلَنَّ امْرَأَةً، وَلَا صَبِيًّا، وَلَا كَبِيرًا هَرِمًا، وَلَا تَقْطَعَنَّ شَجَرًا مُثْمِرًا، وَلَا تُخَرِّبَنَّ عَامِرًا، وَلَا تَعْقِرَنَّ شَاةً، وَلَا بَعِيرًا إِلَّا لِمَأْكَلَةٍ، وَلَا تَحْرِقَنَّ نَحْلًا، وَلَا تُغَرِّقَنَّهُ، وَلَا تَغْلُلْ، وَلَا تَجْبُنْ "
It is narrated from Yahya bin Saeed that Sayyiduna Abu Bakr Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) sent an army to Syria, and he walked on foot with Yazid bin Abi Sufyan, who was the commander of a quarter of the army. Yazid said to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him): "Please ride, otherwise I will get down." Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) replied: "Neither should you get down, nor will I ride. I consider these steps to be a reward in the way of Allah." Then he said to Yazid: "You will find some people who think they have devoted themselves to Allah, so leave them to their work. And you will find some people who shave the middle of their heads, so strike their heads with the sword. And I advise you with ten things: Do not kill a woman, nor a child, nor an old frail man, and do not cut down a fruit-bearing tree, nor destroy any settlement, nor cut the legs of a goat or camel except for food, and do not burn or drown a date-palm tree, and do not steal from the spoils of war, and do not show cowardice."
Hadith 969
وَحَدَّثَنِي، عَنْ مَالِك، أَنَّهُ بَلَغَهُ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ كَتَبَ إِلَى عَامِلٍ مِنْ عُمَّالِهِ، أَنَّهُ بَلَغَنَا : أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ إِذَا بَعَثَ سَرِيَّةً، يَقُولُ لَهُمْ : " اغْزُوا بِاسْمِ اللَّهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ تُقَاتِلُونَ مَنْ كَفَرَ بِاللَّهِ، لَا تَغُلُّوا، وَلَا تَغْدِرُوا، وَلَا تُمَثِّلُوا، وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا وَلِيدًا " ، وَقُلْ ذَلِكَ لِجُيُوشِكَ، وَسَرَايَاكَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ وَالسَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ
It reached Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, that Umar bin Abdul Aziz, may Allah have mercy on him, wrote to one of his governors from among the governors that it reached us from the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, that when he would dispatch an army, he would say to them: "Fight in the name of Allah, in the way of Allah. You fight against those who disbelieve in Allah. Do not steal, do not break agreements, do not cut ears or noses, do not kill children and women, and convey this command to your armies and troops. If Allah wills. And peace be upon you."
