موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب الاعتكافBook: On the Explanation of I'tikaf (Spiritual Retreat)
بَابُ قَضَاءِ الِاعْتِكَافِ
Making up missed I'tikaf
Hadith 649
حَدَّثَنِي زِيَاد ، عَنْ مَالِك ، عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ، عَنْ عَمْرَةَ بِنْتِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ، أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَعْتَكِفَ ، فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ إِلَى الْمَكَانِ الَّذِي أَرَادَ أَنْ يَعْتَكِفَ فِيهِ ، وَجَدَ أَخْبِيَةً خِبَاءَ عَائِشَةَ ، وَخِبَاءَ حَفْصَةَ ، وَخِبَاءَ زَيْنَبَ فَلَمَّا رَآهَا سَأَلَ عَنْهَا ، فَقِيلَ لَهُ : هَذَا خِبَاءُ عَائِشَةَ ، وَحَفْصَةَ ، وَزَيْنَبَ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " آلْبِرَّ تَقُولُونَ بِهِنَّ " ، ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ فَلَمْ يَعْتَكِفْ حَتَّى اعْتَكَفَ عَشْرًا مِنْ شَوَّالٍ
It is narrated from Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) intended to perform i'tikaf. When he came to the place where he wanted to perform i'tikaf, he found several tents. One tent belonged to Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), one tent belonged to Sayyida Hafsa (may Allah be pleased with her), and one tent belonged to Sayyida Zainab (may Allah be pleased with her). So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "Whose tents are these?" The people said: They belong to Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), Sayyida Hafsa (may Allah be pleased with her), and Sayyida Zainab (may Allah be pleased with her). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do you think these women are seeking righteousness?" Then he returned and did not perform i'tikaf, and he performed i'tikaf for ten days in the month of Shawwal.
Hadith 649B1
وَسُئِلَ مَالِك ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ لِعُكُوفٍ فِي الْعَشْرِ الْأَوَاخِرِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فَأَقَامَ يَوْمًا أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ ، ثُمَّ مَرِضَ فَخَرَجَ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ أَيَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَعْتَكِفَ مَا بَقِيَ مِنَ الْعَشْرِ إِذَا صَحَّ ، أَمْ لَا يَجِبُ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِ ، وَفِي أَيِّ شَهْرٍ يَعْتَكِفُ إِنْ وَجَبَ عَلَيْهِ ذَلِكَ ، فَقَالَ مَالِك : يَقْضِي مَا وَجَبَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ عُكُوفٍ إِذَا صَحَّ فِي رَمَضَانَ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, was asked: If a person begins i'tikaf in the last ten days of Ramadan, then after one or two days he becomes ill and leaves the mosque, should he make up the days that remained when he becomes healthy, or should he not make them up? And if he does make them up, in which month should he do so? Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, replied: He should make up those days when he becomes well, whether in Ramadan or in any other month.
Hadith 649B2
وَقَدْ بَلَغَنِي ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَرَادَ الْعُكُوفَ فِي رَمَضَانَ ، ثُمَّ رَجَعَ فَلَمْ يَعْتَكِفْ حَتَّى إِذَا ذَهَبَ رَمَضَانُ ، اعْتَكَفَ عَشْرًا مِنْ شَوَّالٍ
Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: It has reached me from the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, that he intended to perform i'tikaf, then he returned and did not perform i'tikaf until after Ramadan, and then he performed i'tikaf for ten days in Shawwal.
Hadith 649B3
وَالْمُتَطَوِّعُ فِي الْاعْتِكَافِ فِي رَمَضَانَ ، وَالَّذِي عَلَيْهِ الْاعْتِكَافُ أَمْرُهُمَا وَاحِدٌ فِيمَا يَحِلُّ لَهُمَا وَيَحْرُمُ عَلَيْهِمَا وَلَمْ يَبْلُغْنِي ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ اعْتِكَافُهُ إِلَّا تَطَوُّعًا
And the condition of voluntary and obligatory i'tikaf is the same; what is permissible in both is permissible, and what is prohibited in both is prohibited. And it has reached me from the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, that his i'tikaf was voluntary.
Hadith 649B4
قَالَ مَالِك فِي الْمَرْأَةِ : إِنَّهَا إِذَا اعْتَكَفَتْ ثُمَّ حَاضَتْ فِي اعْتِكَافِهَا إِنَّهَا تَرْجِعُ إِلَى بَيْتِهَا ، فَإِذَا طَهُرَتْ رَجَعَتْ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ أَيَّةَ سَاعَةٍ طَهُرَتْ ، ثُمَّ تَبْنِي عَلَى مَا مَضَى مِنَ اعْتِكَافِهَا
Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: If a woman observes i'tikaf, then she gets her menses, she should go to her home, and when she becomes pure, she should return to the mosque without delay, and continue her previous i'tikaf.
Hadith 649B5
وَمِثْلُ ذَلِكَ الْمَرْأَةُ يَجِبُ عَلَيْهَا صِيَامُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ ، فَتَحِيضُ ثُمَّ تَطْهُرُ فَتَبْنِي عَلَى مَا مَضَى مِنْ صِيَامِهَا وَلَا تُؤَخِّرُ ذَلِكَ
And similarly, if a woman is obligated to fast for two consecutive months and she gets her period, then she should not fast except after becoming pure from menstruation, and then she should resume fasting without delay.
Hadith 650
وَحَدَّثَنِي زِيَاد ، عَنْ مَالِك ، عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ، أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " كَانَ يَذْهَبُ لِحَاجَةِ الْإِنْسَانِ فِي الْبُيُوتِ "
It is narrated from Ibn Shihab that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to come into the houses for necessary needs while in the state of i'tikaf.
Hadith 650B
قَالَ مَالِك : لَا يَخْرُجُ الْمُعْتَكِفُ مَعَ جَنَازَةِ أَبَوَيْهِ وَلَا مَعَ غَيْرِهَا
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: The person observing i'tikaf should not go with a funeral procession, even if it is the funeral of his parents or anyone else.
