موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب الصيامBook: On the Explanation of Fasting
بَابُ جَامِعِ الصِّيَامِ
Comprehensive Chapter on Fasting
Hadith 632
حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى ، عَنْ مَالِك ، عَنْ أَبِي النَّضْرِ مَوْلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ : " كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَصُومُ حَتَّى نَقُولَ : لَا يُفْطِرُ ، وَيُفْطِرُ حَتَّى نَقُولَ : لَا يَصُومُ ، وَمَا رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ اسْتَكْمَلَ صِيَامَ شَهْرٍ قَطُّ إِلَّا رَمَضَانَ ، وَمَا رَأَيْتُهُ فِي شَهْرٍ أَكْثَرَ صِيَامًا مِنْهُ فِي شَعْبَانَ "
It is narrated from Umm al-Mu'minin Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to fast continuously until we would say: now he will not break the fast, and then he would break the fast continuously until we would say: now he will not fast. And I did not see the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) fast an entire month except for Ramadan, and he did not fast in any month more than he did in Sha'ban.
Hadith 633
وَحَدَّثَنِي ، عَنْ مَالِك ، عَنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ ، عَنْ الْأَعْرَجِ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ، أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ : " الصِّيَامُ جُنَّةٌ ، فَإِذَا كَانَ أَحَدُكُمْ صَائِمًا فَلَا يَرْفُثْ وَلَا يَجْهَلْ ، فَإِنِ امْرُؤٌ قَاتَلَهُ أَوْ شَاتَمَهُ ، فَلْيَقُلْ إِنِّي صَائِمٌ إِنِّي صَائِمٌ "
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Fasting is a shield, so when one of you is fasting, he should neither speak indecently nor act ignorantly. If someone abuses him or fights with him, he should say: I am fasting, I am fasting."
Hadith 634
وَحَدَّثَنِي ، عَنْ وَحَدَّثَنِي ، عَنْ مَالِك ، عَنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ ، عَنْ الْأَعْرَجِ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ، أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ : وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ " لَخُلُوفُ فَمِ الصَّائِمِ أَطْيَبُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ مِنْ رِيحِ الْمِسْكِ ، إِنَّمَا يَذَرُ شَهْوَتَهُ وَطَعَامَهُ وَشَرَابَهُ مِنْ أَجْلِي ، فَالصِّيَامُ لِي وَأَنَا أَجْزِي بِهِ ، كُلُّ حَسَنَةٍ بِعَشْرِ أَمْثَالِهَا إِلَى سَبْعِ مِائَةِ ضِعْفٍ ، إِلَّا الصِّيَامَ فَهُوَ لِي وَأَنَا أَجْزِي بِهِ "
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "By Him in Whose Hand is my soul! The smell from the mouth of a fasting person is more beloved to Allah, the Majestic, than the fragrance of musk. Allah, the Exalted, has said: 'He leaves his desires, his food, and his drink for My sake, so fasting is for Me and I will reward it. Every good deed is rewarded from ten times up to seven hundred times, but fasting is for Me and I alone will give its reward.'"
Hadith 635
وَحَدَّثَنِي ، عَنْ مَالِك ، عَنْ عَمِّهِ أَبِي سُهَيْلِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ : " إِذَا دَخَلَ رَمَضَانُ فُتِّحَتْ أَبْوَابُ الْجَنَّةِ ، وَغُلِّقَتْ أَبْوَابُ النَّارِ وَصُفِّدَتِ الشَّيَاطِينُ "
Sayyiduna Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) said: When Ramadan comes, the gates of Paradise are opened and the gates of Hell are closed, and the devils are chained.
Hadith 635B1
وَحَدَّثَنِي ، عَنْ مَالِك أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَهْلَ الْعِلْمِ لَا يَكْرَهُونَ السِّوَاكَ لِلصَّائِمِ فِي رَمَضَانَ ، فِي سَاعَةٍ مِنْ سَاعَاتِ النَّهَارِ لَا فِي أَوَّلِهِ وَلَا فِي آخِرِهِ ، وَلَمْ أَسْمَعْ أَحَدًا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ يَكْرَهُ ذَلِكَ وَلَا يَنْهَى عَنْهُ
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: I have heard from the people of knowledge that using the miswak is not disliked for the fasting person, at any time, whether at the beginning of the day or at the end of the day, and I have not heard from any person of knowledge who considers using the miswak to be disliked or who forbids it.
Hadith 635B2
قَالَ يَحْيَى : وَسَمِعْتُ مَالِكًا ، يَقُولُ فِي صِيَامِ سِتَّةِ أَيَّامٍ بَعْدَ الْفِطْرِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ : إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَرَ أَحَدًا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ وَالْفِقْهِ يَصُومُهَا ، وَلَمْ يَبْلُغْنِي ذَلِكَ عَنْ أَحَدٍ مِنَ السَّلَفِ ، وَإِنَّ أَهْلَ الْعِلْمِ يَكْرَهُونَ ذَلِكَ وَيَخَافُونَ بِدْعَتَهُ ، وَأَنْ يُلْحِقَ بِرَمَضَانَ مَا لَيْسَ مِنْهُ أَهْلُ الْجَهَالَةِ وَالْجَفَاءِ لَوْ رَأَوْا فِي ذَلِكَ رُخْصَةً عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ وَرَأَوْهُمْ يَعْمَلُونَ ذَلِكَ
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: Fasting six days in Shawwal after Ramadan—I have not seen any of the people of knowledge observing these fasts, nor has it reached me from the predecessors. Rather, the people of knowledge considered these fasts disliked and feared this innovation, lest people join these fasts with the fasts of Ramadan if they find a concession from the people of knowledge and see them observing these fasts.
Hadith 635B3
وَقَالَ يَحْيَى : سَمِعْتُ مَالِكًا ، يَقُولُ : لَمْ أَسْمَعْ أَحَدًا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ وَالْفِقْهِ وَمَنْ يُقْتَدَى بِهِ يَنْهَى عَنْ صِيَامِ يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ ، وَصِيَامُهُ حَسَنٌ وَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ بَعْضَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ يَصُومُهُ وَأُرَاهُ كَانَ يَتَحَرَّاهُ
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: I have not seen any scholar who forbids fasting on the day of Jumu'ah, rather fasting on the day of Jumu'ah is better, and I have seen some people of knowledge fasting on the day of Jumu'ah, in fact, I have seen that they would pay special attention to Jumu'ah for the sake of fasting.
