موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب الصيامBook: On the Explanation of Fasting
بَابُ صِيَامِ الَّذِي يَقْتُلُ خَطَأً أَوْ يَتَظَاهَرُ
Chapter on Fasting for Accidental Killing or Zihar
Hadith 617Q1
قَالَ مَالِكٍ : أَحْسَنُ مَا سَمِعْتُ فِيمَنْ وَجَبَ عَلَيْهِ صِيَامُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ ، فِي قَتْلِ خَطَأٍ أَوْ تَظَاهُرٍ ، فَعَرَضَ لَهُ مَرَضٌ يَغْلِبُهُ وَيَقْطَعُ عَلَيْهِ صِيَامَهُ ، أَنَّهُ إِنْ صَحَّ مِنْ مَرَضِهِ ، وَقَوِيَ عَلَى الصِّيَامِ ، فَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يُؤَخِّرَ ذَلِكَ ، وَهُوَ يَبْنِي عَلَى مَا قَدْ مَضَى مِنْ صِيَامِهِ ، وَكَذَلِكَ الْمَرْأَةُ الَّتِي يَجِبُ عَلَيْهَا الصِّيَامُ فِي قَتْلِ النَّفْسِ خَطَأً. إِذَا حَاضَتْ بَيْنَ ظَهْرَيْ صِيَامِهَا أَنَّهَا ، إِذَا طَهُرَتْ ، لَا تُؤَخِّرُ الصِّيَامَ. وَهِيَ تَبْنِي عَلَى مَا قَدْ صَامَتْ. وَلَيْسَ لِأَحَدٍ وَجَبَ عَلَيْهِ صِيَامُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ فِي كِتَابِ اللّٰهِ ، أَنْ يُفْطِرَ إِلَّا مِنْ عِلَّةٍ : مَرَضٍ أَوْ حَيْضَةٍ. وَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يُسَافِرَ فَيُفْطِرَ. قَالَ مَالِكٍ : وَهَذَا أَحْسَنُ مَا سَمِعْتُ فِي ذَلِكَ.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: If a person is obligated to fast two consecutive months due to accidental killing or zihar, and he begins the fasts but in between is afflicted by such an illness that the sequence of fasts is broken, then when he recovers from the illness and is able to fast, he should immediately resume fasting, and the fasts he has already kept will be counted, meaning those fasts will be included in the reckoning. Similarly, if a woman is obligated to fast two months consecutively due to accidental killing and she begins fasting but menstruation occurs in between, then as soon as she becomes pure from menstruation, she should resume fasting, and the previous fasts will be counted, meaning those fasts will be included in the reckoning. And for the person upon whom two consecutive months of fasting are obligatory, it is not permissible for him to break the fast in between except due to illness or menstruation, and it is not allowed that he travels and breaks the fast because of that. Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: This is a good statement which I have heard in this matter.
