موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب الصيامBook: On the Explanation of Fasting
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي رُؤْيَةِ الْهِلَالِ لِلصَّوْمِ وَالْفِطْرِ فِي رَمَضَانَ
Chapter on sighting the crescent for fasting and breaking fast in Ramadan
Hadith 577
حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى ، عَنْ مَالِك ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ ، أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ذَكَرَ رَمَضَانَ ، فَقَالَ : " لَا تَصُومُوا حَتَّى تَرَوْا الْهِلَالَ ، وَلَا تُفْطِرُوا حَتَّى تَرَوْهُ فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْكُمْ فَاقْدُرُوا لَهُ "
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) mentioned Ramadan and said: "Do not fast until you see the crescent of Ramadan, and do not stop fasting until you see the crescent of Shawwal. So if the crescent is concealed by clouds, then complete the counting of the days of Ramadan."
Hadith 578
وَحَدَّثَنِي ، عَنْ مَالِك ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ ، أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ : " الشَّهْرُ تِسْعٌ وَعِشْرُونَ فَلَا تَصُومُوا حَتَّى تَرَوْا الْهِلَالَ ، وَلَا تُفْطِرُوا حَتَّى تَرَوْهُ فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْكُمْ فَاقْدُرُوا لَهُ "
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Sometimes the month is twenty-nine days, so do not fast until you see the moon, and do not stop fasting until you see the moon. But if it is cloudy, then complete the count."
Hadith 579
وَحَدَّثَنِي ، عَنْ مَالِك ، عَنْ ثَوْرِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ الدِّيلِيِّ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ذَكَرَ رَمَضَانَ ، فَقَالَ : " لَا تَصُومُوا حَتَّى تَرَوْا الْهِلَالَ ، وَلَا تُفْطِرُوا حَتَّى تَرَوْهُ فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْكُمْ فَأَكْمِلُوا الْعِدَّةَ ثَلَاثِينَ "
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, mentioning Ramadan: "Do not fast until you see the moon, and do not stop fasting until you see the moon. If it is cloudy, then complete thirty days of fasting."
Hadith 580
وَحَدَّثَنِي ، عَنْ مَالِك ، أَنَّهُ بَلَغَهُ ، أَنَّ الْهِلَالَ رُئِيَ فِي زَمَانِ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ بِعَشِيٍّ فَلَمْ يُفْطِرْ عُثْمَانُ حَتَّى أَمْسَى وَغَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ
Imam Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) was informed that during the time of Sayyiduna Uthman ibn Affan (may Allah be pleased with him), the moon was sighted in the afternoon, but he did not break his fast until evening came and the sun had set.
Hadith 580B1
قَالَ يَحْيَى : سَمِعْتُ مَالِكًا يَقُولُ فِي الَّذِي يَرَى هِلَالَ رَمَضَانَ وَحْدَهُ : أَنَّهُ يَصُومُ لَا يَنْبَغِي لَهُ أَنْ يُفْطِرَ وَهُوَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ ، قَالَ : وَمَنْ رَأَى هِلَالَ شَوَّالٍ وَحْدَهُ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يُفْطِرُ لِأَنَّ النَّاسَ يَتَّهِمُونَ عَلَى أَنْ يُفْطِرَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ لَيْسَ مَأْمُونًا ، وَيَقُولُ أُولَئِكَ : إِذَا ظَهَرَ عَلَيْهِمْ قَدْ رَأَيْنَا الْهِلَالَ ، وَمَنْ رَأَى هِلَالَ شَوَّالٍ نَهَارًا فَلَا يُفْطِرْ وَيُتِمُّ صِيَامَ يَوْمِهِ ذَلِكَ ، فَإِنَّمَا هُوَ هِلَالُ اللَّيْلَةِ الَّتِي تَأْتِي
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: Whoever alone sees the crescent of Ramadan should fast, because it is not permissible for him to break the fast when he knows that this day is of Ramadan. And whoever alone sees the crescent of Shawwal should not break the fast, because people will accuse him, saying that among us, the person who is not trustworthy does not fast. And when the crescent becomes apparent to the people, he should say that he had seen the crescent. And whoever sees the crescent of Shawwal during the day should not break the fast, rather he should complete the fast, because that crescent is for the coming night.
Hadith 580B2
قَالَ يَحْيَى : وَسَمِعْتُ مَالِكًا يَقُولُ : إِذَا صَامَ النَّاسُ يَوْمَ الْفِطْرِ ، وَهُمْ يَظُنُّونَ أَنَّهُ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ ، فَجَاءَهُمْ ثَبْتٌ أَنَّ هِلَالَ رَمَضَانَ قَدْ رُئِيَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَصُومُوا بِيَوْمٍ ، وَأَنَّ يَوْمَهُمْ ذَلِكَ أَحَدٌ وَثَلَاثُونَ ، فَإِنَّهُمْ يُفْطِرُونَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ أَيَّةَ سَاعَةٍ جَاءَهُمُ الْخَبَرُ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُمْ لَا يُصَلُّونَ صَلَاةَ الْعِيدِ إِنْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ جَاءَهُمْ بَعْدَ زَوَالِ الشَّمْسِ
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: If people fasted on the day of Eid thinking that it was a day of Ramadan, and then a trustworthy person came and said that the moon had been sighted a day before you began fasting and that this day is the thirty-first, then they should break their fast as soon as they receive this news. However, if the time of decline (zawal) has passed, then they should not perform the Eid prayer.
