موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب صلاة الخوفBook: On the Explanation of Prayer of Fear
بَابُ صَلَاةِ الْخَوْفِ
Chapter on the prayer of fear
Hadith 440
حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى ، عَنْ مَالِك ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ رُومَانَ ، عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ خَوَّاتٍ ، عَمَّنْ صَلَّى مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَ ذَاتِ الرِّقَاعِ صَلَاةَ الْخَوْفِ ، " أَنَّ طَائِفَةً صَفَّتْ مَعَهُ وَصَفَّتْ طَائِفَةٌ وِجَاهَ الْعَدُوِّ فَصَلَّى بِالَّتِي مَعَهُ رَكْعَةً ، ثُمَّ ثَبَتَ قَائِمًا وَأَتَمُّوا لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ ، ثُمَّ انْصَرَفُوا فَصَفُّوا ، وِجَاهَ الْعَدُوِّ وَجَاءَتِ الطَّائِفَةُ الْأُخْرَى فَصَلَّى بِهِمُ الرَّكْعَةَ الَّتِي بَقِيَتْ مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ ، ثُمَّ ثَبَتَ جَالِسًا وَأَتَمُّوا لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ ، ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ بِهِمْ "
It is narrated from the person who performed the prayer with the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, during the expedition of Dhat al-Riqa’ in a state of fear, that some people stood in prayer with the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, while some remained facing the enemy. First, the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, prayed one rak’ah with those people, then he remained standing while those people completed their prayer and left. Then those who were facing the enemy came, and the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, prayed one rak’ah with them. Then the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, remained seated while those people completed another rak’ah, and when the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said the salam with them.
Hadith 441
وَحَدَّثَنِي ، عَنْ مَالِك ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ ، عَنْ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ، عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ خَوَّاتٍ ، أَنَّ سَهْلَ بْنَ أَبِي حَثْمَةَ حَدَّثَهُ ، " أَنَّ صَلَاةَ الْخَوْفِ أَنْ يَقُومَ الْإِمَامُ وَمَعَهُ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ وَطَائِفَةٌ مُوَاجِهَةٌ الْعَدُوَّ ، فَيَرْكَعُ الْإِمَامُ رَكْعَةً وَيَسْجُدُ بِالَّذِينَ مَعَهُ ، ثُمَّ يَقُومُ فَإِذَا اسْتَوَى قَائِمًا ثَبَتَ ، وَأَتَمُّوا لِأَنْفُسِهِمُ الرَّكْعَةَ الْبَاقِيَةَ ثُمَّ يُسَلِّمُونَ وَيَنْصَرِفُونَ ، وَالْإِمَامُ قَائِمٌ فَيَكُونُونَ وِجَاهَ الْعَدُوِّ ثُمَّ يُقْبِلُ الْآخَرُونَ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يُصَلُّوا ، فَيُكَبِّرُونَ وَرَاءَ الْإِمَامِ فَيَرْكَعُ بِهِمُ الرَّكْعَةَ وَيَسْجُدُ ثُمَّ يُسَلِّمُ ، فَيَقُومُونَ فَيَرْكَعُونَ لِأَنْفُسِهِمُ الرَّكْعَةَ الْبَاقِيَةَ ثُمَّ يُسَلِّمُونَ "
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Sahl bin Abi Hathmah (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: The prayer of fear (Salat al-Khawf) is in this manner: the Imam stands for prayer with some people, while some people remain facing the enemy. The Imam prays one rak'ah and performs sajdah. When he stands up from sajdah, the Imam remains standing, and the followers complete their remaining rak'ah, then say salam and go to face the enemy. Those who were facing the enemy then come and join the Imam by saying the opening takbir. When the Imam completes ruku' and sajdah, he says salam, and the people stand up to complete one rak'ah and then say salam.
Hadith 442
وَحَدَّثَنِي ، عَنْ مَالِك ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ ، أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ " كَانَ إِذَا سُئِلَ عَنْ صَلَاةِ الْخَوْفِ ، قَالَ : " يَتَقَدَّمُ الْإِمَامُ وَطَائِفَةٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ ، فَيُصَلِّي بِهِمُ الْإِمَامُ رَكْعَةً وَتَكُونُ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْهُمْ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الْعَدُوِّ لَمْ يُصَلُّوا ، فَإِذَا صَلَّى الَّذِينَ مَعَهُ رَكْعَةً اسْتَأْخَرُوا مَكَانَ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يُصَلُّوا وَلَا يُسَلِّمُونَ ، وَيَتَقَدَّمُ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يُصَلُّوا ، فَيُصَلُّونَ مَعَهُ رَكْعَةً ثُمَّ يَنْصَرِفُ الْإِمَامُ وَقَدْ صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ ، فَتَقُومُ كُلُّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنَ الطَّائِفَتَيْنِ فَيُصَلُّونَ لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ رَكْعَةً رَكْعَةً بَعْدَ أَنْ يَنْصَرِفَ الْإِمَامُ ، فَيَكُونُ كُلُّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنَ الطَّائِفَتَيْنِ قَدْ صَلَّوْا رَكْعَتَيْنِ ، فَإِنْ كَانَ خَوْفًا هُوَ أَشَدَّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ صَلَّوْا رِجَالًا قِيَامًا عَلَى أَقْدَامِهِمْ ، أَوْ رُكْبَانًا مُسْتَقْبِلِي الْقِبْلَةِ أَوْ غَيْرَ مُسْتَقْبِلِيهَا " . ¤قَالَ مَالِك : قَالَ نَافِعٌ : لَا أَرَى عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ حَدَّثَهُ إِلَّا عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ
It is narrated from Nafi‘ that when Sayyiduna ‘Abdullah bin ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) was asked about the prayer of fear (Salat al-Khawf), he would say: The imam should step forward to lead the prayer, and some people should be behind him, while some people should face the enemy. When those who are behind the imam have completed one rak‘ah with him, they should go to face the enemy and should not say salam (to end the prayer), and those who have not yet started the prayer should come and perform one rak‘ah behind the imam. Then the imam should say salam, and each group should come in turn and complete one more rak‘ah, so that each group completes two rak‘ahs. And if the fear is very severe, then those on foot should pray standing and by gesture, and those mounted should pray on their mounts, even if their faces are not towards the qiblah.
Imam Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Nafi‘ said that Sayyiduna ‘Abdullah bin ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) must have heard this hadith from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).
Imam Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Nafi‘ said that Sayyiduna ‘Abdullah bin ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) must have heard this hadith from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).
Hadith 443
وَحَدَّثَنِي ، عَنْ مَالِك ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ : " مَا صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الظُّهْرَ وَالْعَصْرَ يَوْمَ الْخَنْدَقِ حَتَّى غَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ "
It is narrated from Sa'id bin al-Musayyib that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did not perform the Zuhr and Asr prayers during the Battle of the Trench until the sun had set.
Hadith 443B
قَالَ مَالِك : وَحَدِيثُ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ خَوَّاتٍ أَحَبُّ مَا سَمِعْتُ إِلَيَّ فِي صَلَاةِ الْخَوْفِ
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: In my view, the narration of Qasim bin Muhammad from Salih bin Khawwat regarding Salat al-Khawf is good, and it is the hadith of Sayyiduna Sahl bin Abi Hathmah, may Allah be pleased with him, which has been mentioned above.
