موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب الجهادBook: On the Explanation of Jihad
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي السَّلَبِ فِي النَّفَلِWhat is reported about spoils in voluntary battle
Hadith 976
حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى، عَنْ مَالِك، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ كَثِيرِ بْنِ أَفْلَحَ ، عَنْ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ مَوْلَى أَبِي قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ بْنِ رِبْعِيٍّ ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ : خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَامَ حُنَيْنٍ فَلَمَّا الْتَقَيْنَا كَانَتْ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ جَوْلَةٌ، قَالَ : فَرَأَيْتُ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ، قَدْ عَلَا رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، قَالَ : فَاسْتَدَرْتُ لَهُ حَتَّى أَتَيْتُهُ مِنْ وَرَائِهِ، فَضَرَبْتُهُ بِالسَّيْفِ عَلَى حَبْلِ عَاتِقِهِ، فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَيَّ فَضَمَّنِي ضَمَّةً، وَجَدْتُ مِنْهَا رِيحَ الْمَوْتِ، ثُمَّ أَدْرَكَهُ الْمَوْتُ فَأَرْسَلَنِي . قَالَ : فَلَقِيتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ، فَقُلْتُ : مَا بَالُ النَّاسِ ؟ فَقَالَ : أَمْرُ اللَّهِ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ النَّاسَ رَجَعُوا، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " مَنْ قَتَلَ قَتِيلًا لَهُ عَلَيْهِ بَيِّنَةٌ فَلَهُ سَلَبُهُ "، قَالَ : فَقُمْتُ، ثُمَّ قُلْتُ : مَنْ يَشْهَدُ لِي ؟ ثُمَّ جَلَسْتُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : " مَنْ قَتَلَ قَتِيلًا لَهُ عَلَيْهِ بَيِّنَةٌ فَلَهُ سَلَبُهُ "، قَالَ : فَقُمْتُ، ثُمَّ قُلْتُ : مَنْ يَشْهَدُ لِي ؟ ثُمَّ جَلَسْتُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ ذَلِكَ الثَّالِثَةَ، فَقُمْتُ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " مَا لَكَ يَا أَبَا قَتَادَةَ ؟ "، قَالَ : فَاقْتَصَصْتُ عَلَيْهِ الْقِصَّةَ، فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ : صَدَقَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، وَسَلَبُ ذَلِكَ الْقَتِيلِ عِنْدِي، فَأَرْضِهِ عَنْهُ، يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : لَا هَاءَ اللَّهِ إِذًا لَا يَعْمِدُ إِلَى أَسَدٍ مِنْ أُسْدِ اللَّهِ يُقَاتِلُ، عَنِ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ، فَيُعْطِيكَ سَلَبَهُ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " صَدَقَ فَأَعْطِهِ إِيَّاهُ "، فَأَعْطَانِيهِ، فَبِعْتُ الدِّرْعَ، فَاشْتَرَيْتُ بِهِ مَخْرَفًا فِي بَنِي سَلِمَةَ، فَإِنَّهُ لَأَوَّلُ مَالٍ تَأَثَّلْتُهُ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah bin Rabi’i (may Allah be pleased with him) that we went out with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) in the Battle of Hunayn. When we met the disbelievers, there was confusion among the Muslims. I saw a disbeliever who had overpowered a Muslim, so I came from behind and struck his neck with a sword. He rushed towards me and pressed me so hard that I felt the taste of death, then he himself died and left me. Then I met Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) and I said: What happened to the people today? He replied: This is the decree of Allah. Then the Muslims returned, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Whoever kills a person, his belongings will be given to him, provided he brings proof over it.” Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) says: When I heard this, I stood up, then I thought, who is my witness? So I sat down. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Whoever kills a person, his belongings will be given to him, provided he brings proof over it.” So I stood up, then I thought, where are the witnesses? Then I remained seated. Then for the third time, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said the same. I stood up, so the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “What happened to you, O Abu Qatadah?” I narrated the whole story. Meanwhile, a man said: He has spoken the truth, O Messenger of Allah! And the belongings of that disbeliever are with me, so please have them pardoned from me for him. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: By Allah! This will never happen, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) will never intend that a lion among the lions of Allah fights for Allah and His Messenger, and the belongings go to you. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Abu Bakr has spoken the truth, give the belongings to Abu Qatadah.” He gave them to me, I sold the armor and bought a garden in the locality of Banu Salamah, and this was the first wealth I acquired in Islam.
