موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب الجهادBook: On the Explanation of Jihad
بَابُ مَا يُرَدُّ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقَعَ الْقَسْمُ مِمَّا أَصَابَ الْعَدُوWhat is returned before division from war spoils
Hadith 975B8
قَالَ يَحْيَى : وَسُئِلَ مَالِك، عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَخْرُجُ إِلَى أَرْضِ الْعَدُوِّ فِي الْمُفَادَاةِ، أَوْ فِي الِتِجَارَةٍ، فَيَشْتَرِيَ الْحُرَّ، أَوِ الْعَبْدَ، أَوْ يُوهَبَانِ لَهُ، فَقَالَ : أَمَّا الْحُرُّ فَإِنَّ مَا اشْتَرَاهُ بِهِ دَيْنٌ عَلَيْهِ، وَلَا يُسْتَرَقُّ وَإِنْ كَانَ وُهِبَ لَهُ فَهُوَ حُرٌّ، وَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ الرَّجُلُ أَعْطَى فِيهِ شَيْئًا مُكَافَأَةً فَهُوَ دَيْنٌ عَلَى الْحُرِّ، بِمَنْزِلَةِ مَا اشْتُرِيَ بِهِ، وَأَمَّا الْعَبْدُ فَإِنَّ سَيِّدَهُ الْأَوَّلَ مُخَيَّرٌ فِيهِ، إِنْ شَاءَ أَنْ يَأْخُذَهُ، وَيَدْفَعَ إِلَى الَّذِي اشْتَرَاهُ ثَمَنَهُ، فَذَلِكَ لَهُ، وَإِنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يُسْلِمَهُ أَسْلَمَهُ، وَإِنْ كَانَ وُهِبَ لَهُ فَسَيِّدُهُ الْأَوَّلُ أَحَقُّ بِهِ، وَلَا شَيْءَ عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ الرَّجُلُ أَعْطَى فِيهِ شَيْئًا مُكَافَأَةً، فَيَكُونُ مَا أَعْطَى فِيهِ غُرْمًا عَلَى سَيِّدِهِ، إِنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَفْتَدِيَهُ ¤
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, was asked about a person who went to the land of the disbelievers to free Muslims or for trade, and there he bought both free men and slaves, or the disbelievers gifted them to him? Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, replied: If this person bought a free man, then the amount paid for him will be considered a debt and he will not become a slave, and the one who came as a gift will remain free, and nothing will be due for him, except in the case that something was spent in exchange for the gift, then that amount will be a debt upon him, as if he bought him in exchange. And if this person bought a slave, then the previous owner has the option to take the slave by paying the amount for which he was bought, or not take him and let him remain with the buyer. And the one who came as a gift, the first owner may take the slave for free, but if something was spent in exchange for the gift, then it is necessary for the first owner, if he wishes, to pay that amount and take the slave, or not take him.
