موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب الجهادBook: On the Explanation of Jihad
بَابُ مَا يُرَدُّ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقَعَ الْقَسْمُ مِمَّا أَصَابَ الْعَدُوWhat is returned before division from war spoils
Hadith 975B7
قَالَ مَالِك، فِي أُمِّ وَلَدِ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ حَازَهَا الْمُشْرِكُونَ، ثُمَّ غَنِمَهَا الْمُسْلِمُونَ، فَقُسِمَتْ فِي الْمَقَاسِمِ، ثُمَّ عَرَفَهَا سَيِّدُهَا بَعْدَ الْقَسْمِ : إِنَّهَا لَا تُسْتَرَقُّ، وَأَرَى أَنْ يَفْتَدِيَهَا الْإِمَامُ لِسَيِّدِهَا، فَإِنْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ فَعَلَى سَيِّدِهَا أَنْ يَفْتَدِيَهَا، وَلَا يَدَعُهَا، وَلَا أَرَى لِلَّذِي صَارَتْ لَهُ أَنْ يَسْتَرِقَّهَا، وَلَا يَسْتَحِلَّ فَرْجَهَا، وَإِنَّمَا هِيَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْحُرَّةِ لِأَنَّ سَيِّدَهَا يُكَلَّفُ أَنْ يَفْتَدِيَهَا، إِذَا جَرَحَتْ فَهَذَا بِمَنْزِلَةِ ذَلِكَ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يُسَلِّمَ أُمَّ وَلَدِهِ، تُسْتَرَقُّ، وَيُسْتَحَلُّ فَرْجُهَا . ¤
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: If the umm walad of a Muslim is captured by the disbelievers, then the Muslims find her among the spoils of war and she is distributed, and then her owner recognizes her after the distribution, then that umm walad will not be made a slave again. Rather, the Imam should ransom her from the spoils of war and hand her over to her owner. If the Imam does not ransom her, then her owner should ransom her by paying compensation; he should not leave her. And the one in whose share that umm walad has come, it is not permissible for him to make her a slave or to have intercourse with her, because the umm walad is like a free woman. For this reason, if an umm walad injures someone, her owner will be ordered to ransom her by paying compensation. So here too, the same ruling applies that her owner should ransom her in whatever way possible; he should not leave her, nor should she be made a slave or have intercourse with her.
