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موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Malik (Yahya)
كتاب الطهارةBook: On the Explanation of Purification
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي الْمَسْحِ بِالرَّأْسِ وَالْأُذُنَيْنِWhat is reported about wiping over the head and ears
Hadith 69
اُردوEn
وَحَدَّثَنِي ، عَنْ مَالِك ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ ، أَنَّهُ " رَأَى صَفِيَّةَ بِنْتَ أَبِي عُبَيْدٍ امْرَأَةَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ تَنْزِعُ خِمَارَهَا وَتَمْسَحُ عَلَى رَأْسِهَا بِالْمَاءِ " . وَنَافِعٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ صَغِيرٌ . ¤ وَسُئِلَ مَالِك ، عَنِ الْمَسْحِ عَلَى الْعِمَامَةِ وَالْخِمَارِ فَقَالَ : لَا يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يَمْسَحَ الرَّجُلُ وَلَا الْمَرْأَةُ عَلَى عِمَامَةٍ وَلَا خِمَارٍ ، وَلْيَمْسَحَا عَلَى رُءُوسِهِمَا . ¤ وَسُئِلَ مَالِك ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَوَضَّأَ فَنَسِيَ أَنْ يَمْسَحَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ حَتَّى جَفَّ وَضُوءُهُ ، قَالَ : أَرَى أَنْ يَمْسَحَ بِرَأْسِهِ وَإِنْ كَانَ قَدْ صَلَّى أَنْ يُعِيدَ الصَّلَاةَ
It is narrated from Nafi that he saw Safiyyah, who was the wife of Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them), removing the cloth with which she covered her head and wiping her head with water. And at that time, Nafi was not yet of age.
Imam Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) was asked about wiping over the turban or head covering. He said: For a man, wiping over the turban, and for a woman, wiping over the head covering is not valid; rather, it is obligatory to wipe over the head itself.
Imam Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) was asked about a person who performed ablution and forgot to wipe his head until the limbs of ablution had dried. He replied: He should wipe his head and repeat any prayer he has performed.
Imam Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) was asked about wiping over the turban or head covering. He said: For a man, wiping over the turban, and for a woman, wiping over the head covering is not valid; rather, it is obligatory to wipe over the head itself.
Imam Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) was asked about a person who performed ablution and forgot to wipe his head until the limbs of ablution had dried. He replied: He should wipe his head and repeat any prayer he has performed.
Explanation & Benefits
Hafiz Abu Samee'ah
Benefit:
This issue is called «موالاة» (i.e., performing ablution [wudu] consecutively and without interruption). According to Imam Shafi'i rahimahullah and Imam Abu Hanifah rahimahullah, continuity in ablution is not obligatory; taking a break in between does not make any difference. According to Imam Malik rahimahullah, this is obligatory, but it is waived in case of forgetfulness. However, according to Imam Ahmad rahimahullah and the Ahl al-Hadith, continuity («موالاة») in ablution is obligatory, and if there is such a long break in between that the limbs of ablution become dry, then it is obligatory to repeat the ablution. Thus, when a Companion radi Allahu anhu had a spot on his foot, the size of a fingernail, left dry, the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam ordered him:
«ارْجِعْ فَأَحْسِنُ وُضُوءَك» "Go back and perfect your ablution." [مسلم: 243] In another narration, it is further clarified as follows: «فامَرَهُ النَّبِي صلى الله عليه وسلم أن يعيد الوُضُوءَ وَالصَّلَاةَ» "The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam ordered him to repeat both his ablution and his prayer." [ابو داود: 175، مسند احمد: 146/3 - اس كي سند صحيح هے] In the above-mentioned fatwa, Imam Malik rahimahullah did not order the repetition of ablution due to forgetfulness, but only ordered the wiping (masah), because wiping is obligatory and without it the ablution is not complete, and since the ablution was not complete, that is why the order was given to repeat the prayer.
This issue is called «موالاة» (i.e., performing ablution [wudu] consecutively and without interruption). According to Imam Shafi'i rahimahullah and Imam Abu Hanifah rahimahullah, continuity in ablution is not obligatory; taking a break in between does not make any difference. According to Imam Malik rahimahullah, this is obligatory, but it is waived in case of forgetfulness. However, according to Imam Ahmad rahimahullah and the Ahl al-Hadith, continuity («موالاة») in ablution is obligatory, and if there is such a long break in between that the limbs of ablution become dry, then it is obligatory to repeat the ablution. Thus, when a Companion radi Allahu anhu had a spot on his foot, the size of a fingernail, left dry, the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam ordered him:
«ارْجِعْ فَأَحْسِنُ وُضُوءَك» "Go back and perfect your ablution." [مسلم: 243] In another narration, it is further clarified as follows: «فامَرَهُ النَّبِي صلى الله عليه وسلم أن يعيد الوُضُوءَ وَالصَّلَاةَ» "The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam ordered him to repeat both his ablution and his prayer." [ابو داود: 175، مسند احمد: 146/3 - اس كي سند صحيح هے] In the above-mentioned fatwa, Imam Malik rahimahullah did not order the repetition of ablution due to forgetfulness, but only ordered the wiping (masah), because wiping is obligatory and without it the ablution is not complete, and since the ablution was not complete, that is why the order was given to repeat the prayer.
Source: Muwatta Imam Malik by Abu Samia Mahmood Tabassum, Page: 69
