موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب الزكاةBook: On the Explanation of Zakat
بَابُ مَا لَا زَكَاةَ فِيهِ مِنَ الثِّمَارِChapter on What Fruits are Exempt from Zakat
Hadith 684Q9
قَالَ مَالِكٌ : السُّنَّةُ عِنْدَنَا ، أَنَّ كُلَّ مَا أُخْرِجَتْ زَكَاتُهُ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأَصْنَافِ كُلِّهَا ، الْحِنْطَةِ وَالتَّمْرِ وَالزَّبِيبِ وَالْحُبُوبِ كُلِّهَا ، ثُمَّ أَمْسَكَهُ صَاحِبُهُ بَعْدَ أَنْ أَدَّى صَدَقَتَهُ سِنِينَ. ثُمَّ بَاعَهُ ، أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ فِي ثَمَنِهِ زَكَاةٌ ، حَتَّى يَحُولَ عَلَى ثَمَنِهِ الْحَوْلُ مِنْ يَوْمَ بَاعَهُ. إِذَا كَانَ أَصْلُ تِلْكَ الْأَصْنَافِ مِنْ فَائِدَةٍ أَوْ غَيْرِهَا. وَأَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِلتِّجَارَةِ. وَإِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الطَّعَامِ وَالْحُبُوبِ وَالْعُرُوضِ يُفِيدُهَا الرَّجُلُ ثُمَّ يُمْسِكُهَا سِنِينَ. ثُمَّ يَبِيعُهَا بِذَهَبٍ أَوْ وَرِقٍ ، فَلَا يَكُونُ عَلَيْهِ فِي ثَمَنِهَا زَكَاةٌ حَتَّى يَحُولَ عَلَيْهَا الْحَوْلُ مِنْ يَوْمَ بَاعَهَا. فَإِنْ كَانَ أَصْلُ تِلْكَ الْعُرُوضِ لِلتِّجَارَةِ فَعَلَى صَاحِبِهَا فِيهَا الزَّكَاةُ حِينَ يَبِيعُهَا ، إِذَا كَانَ قَدْ حَبَسَهَا سَنَةً ، مِنْ يَوْمَ زَكَّى الْمَالَ الَّذِي ابْتَاعَهَا بِهِ
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: In our view, the Sunnah is that zakat is not obligatory on grains for which the owner has already paid zakat, such as dates, until a full year passes over their price. This is in the case where the grain comes into his possession through gift or inheritance and is not trade goods, because its example is like a person who has food, grains, or goods and then keeps them for several years, then sells them in exchange for gold or silver; zakat on the price is not obligatory until a year passes from the date of sale. However, if these items are for trade, then zakat becomes obligatory on the owner at the time of sale if he has kept them for a year after zakat has been paid.
