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موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Malik (Yahya)
كتاب الصيامBook: On the Explanation of Fasting
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي رُؤْيَةِ الْهِلَالِ لِلصَّوْمِ وَالْفِطْرِ فِي رَمَضَانَChapter on sighting the crescent for fasting and breaking fast in Ramadan
Hadith 580
اُردوEn
وَحَدَّثَنِي ، عَنْ مَالِك ، أَنَّهُ بَلَغَهُ ، أَنَّ الْهِلَالَ رُئِيَ فِي زَمَانِ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ بِعَشِيٍّ فَلَمْ يُفْطِرْ عُثْمَانُ حَتَّى أَمْسَى وَغَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ
Imam Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) was informed that during the time of Sayyiduna Uthman ibn Affan (may Allah be pleased with him), the moon was sighted in the afternoon, but he did not break his fast until evening came and the sun had set.
قَالَ يَحْيَى : سَمِعْتُ مَالِكًا يَقُولُ فِي الَّذِي يَرَى هِلَالَ رَمَضَانَ وَحْدَهُ : أَنَّهُ يَصُومُ لَا يَنْبَغِي لَهُ أَنْ يُفْطِرَ وَهُوَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ ، قَالَ : وَمَنْ رَأَى هِلَالَ شَوَّالٍ وَحْدَهُ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يُفْطِرُ لِأَنَّ النَّاسَ يَتَّهِمُونَ عَلَى أَنْ يُفْطِرَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ لَيْسَ مَأْمُونًا ، وَيَقُولُ أُولَئِكَ : إِذَا ظَهَرَ عَلَيْهِمْ قَدْ رَأَيْنَا الْهِلَالَ ، وَمَنْ رَأَى هِلَالَ شَوَّالٍ نَهَارًا فَلَا يُفْطِرْ وَيُتِمُّ صِيَامَ يَوْمِهِ ذَلِكَ ، فَإِنَّمَا هُوَ هِلَالُ اللَّيْلَةِ الَّتِي تَأْتِي
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: Whoever alone sees the crescent of Ramadan should fast, because it is not permissible for him to break the fast when he knows that this day is of Ramadan. And whoever alone sees the crescent of Shawwal should not break the fast, because people will accuse him, saying that among us, the person who is not trustworthy does not fast. And when the crescent becomes apparent to the people, he should say that he had seen the crescent. And whoever sees the crescent of Shawwal during the day should not break the fast, rather he should complete the fast, because that crescent is for the coming night.
قَالَ يَحْيَى : وَسَمِعْتُ مَالِكًا يَقُولُ : إِذَا صَامَ النَّاسُ يَوْمَ الْفِطْرِ ، وَهُمْ يَظُنُّونَ أَنَّهُ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ ، فَجَاءَهُمْ ثَبْتٌ أَنَّ هِلَالَ رَمَضَانَ قَدْ رُئِيَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَصُومُوا بِيَوْمٍ ، وَأَنَّ يَوْمَهُمْ ذَلِكَ أَحَدٌ وَثَلَاثُونَ ، فَإِنَّهُمْ يُفْطِرُونَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ أَيَّةَ سَاعَةٍ جَاءَهُمُ الْخَبَرُ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُمْ لَا يُصَلُّونَ صَلَاةَ الْعِيدِ إِنْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ جَاءَهُمْ بَعْدَ زَوَالِ الشَّمْسِ
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: If people fasted on the day of Eid thinking that it was a day of Ramadan, and then a trustworthy person came and said that the moon had been sighted a day before you began fasting and that this day is the thirty-first, then they should break their fast as soon as they receive this news. However, if the time of decline (zawal) has passed, then they should not perform the Eid prayer.
