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موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Malik (Yahya)
كتاب الطهارةBook: On the Explanation of Purification
بَابُ الْعَمَلِ فِی الْوُضُوْءِChapter on actions during ablution
Hadith 35
اُردوEn
وَحَدَّثَنِي ، عَنْ وَحَدَّثَنِي ، عَنْ مَالِك ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ طَحْلَاءَ ، عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ، أَنَّ أَبَاهُ حَدَّثَهُ ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ " يَتَوَضَّأُ بِالْمَاءِ لِمَا تَحْتَ إِزَارِهِ " .
It is narrated from Abdur Rahman bin Uthman Taimi that Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, used to say: Wash your private parts with water.
قَالَ يَحْيَى : وَسُئِلَ مَالِك ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ نَسِيَ أَنْ يَتَمَضْمَضَ وَيَسْتَنْثِرَ حَتَّى صَلَّى ، قَالَ : لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُعِيدَ صَلَاتَهُ ، وَلْيُمَضْمِضْ وَيَسْتَنْثِرْ مَا يَسْتَقْبِلُ إِنْ كَانَ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ
Yahya said: Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, was asked about a person who forgot to rinse his mouth or put water in his nose during ablution and then performed the prayer. Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: His prayer is valid; it is not necessary for him to repeat the prayer, but for the next prayer he should rinse his mouth or put water in his nose.
قَالَ يَحْيَى : سُئِلَ مَالِك ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَوَضَّأَ فَنَسِيَ فَغَسَلَ وَجْهَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَتَمَضْمَضَ أَوْ غَسَلَ ذِرَاعَيْهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَغْسِلَ وَجْهَهُ ، فَقَالَ : وأَمَّا الَّذِي غَسَلَ وَجْهَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَتَمَضْمَضَ فَلْيُمَضْمِضْ ، وَلَا يُعِدْ غَسْلَ وَجْهِهِ ، وَأَمَّا الَّذِي غَسَلَ ذِرَاعَيْهِ قَبْلَ وَجْهِهِ فَلْيَغْسِلْ وَجْهَهُ ، ثُمَّ لِيُعِدْ غَسْلَ ذِرَاعَيْهِ حَتَّى يَكُونَ غَسْلُهُمَا بَعْدَ وَجْهِهِ إِذَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ فِي مَكَانِهِ ، أَوْ بِحَضْرَةِ ذَلِكَ .
Yahya said: Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, was asked about a person who performed ablution and, out of forgetfulness, washed his face before rinsing his mouth, or washed his hands before washing his face. Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: Whoever washed his face before rinsing his mouth should rinse his mouth and not wash his face again. But whoever washed his hands before washing his face should wash his face and then wash his hands again, so that the washing of the hands comes after the washing of the face, as long as the one performing ablution is still in his place or near it.
Explanation & Benefits
Hafiz Abu Samee'ah
Benefit:
That is, if someone performs ablution (wudu) out of forgetfulness without maintaining the prescribed order, and then moves away from the place of ablution, according to Imam Malik rahimahullah, there is no need to repeat the ablution in the correct order. This is because, in the view of Imam Malik rahimahullah, maintaining the order is obligatory, but it is waived in the case of forgetfulness. According to the Hanafi jurists, maintaining the order among the limbs of ablution is not obligatory at all. However, according to Imam Ahmad rahimahullah, Imam Shafi'i rahimahullah, and the Ahl al-Hadith, it is obligatory to wash the limbs of ablution in the order mentioned in the Noble Qur'an [سوره المائده: 6 میں]; otherwise, it is necessary to repeat the ablution. The Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam also gave this very instruction to a companion:
«توضاً كَمَا أَمَرَكَ اللهُ»
"Perform ablution as Allah has commanded you."
[ابو عوانه: 253/1، بيهقي: 83/1، اس كي سند صحيح هے]
The Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam himself performed ablution in order throughout his life. If maintaining the order were not obligatory, he would have, at least once, demonstrated ablution without order to show its permissibility. Rather, on the occasion of Hajj, the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said:
«ابداً بِمَا بَدَا الله به»
"I will begin with that which Allah has mentioned first."
[صحيح مسلم: 1218]
From these evidences, it is clear that maintaining the order in ablution is obligatory, and an ablution performed without order will not suffice.
[السيل الجرار: 87/1، فقه السنة: 33/1، الروضة الندية: 140/1]
That is, if someone performs ablution (wudu) out of forgetfulness without maintaining the prescribed order, and then moves away from the place of ablution, according to Imam Malik rahimahullah, there is no need to repeat the ablution in the correct order. This is because, in the view of Imam Malik rahimahullah, maintaining the order is obligatory, but it is waived in the case of forgetfulness. According to the Hanafi jurists, maintaining the order among the limbs of ablution is not obligatory at all. However, according to Imam Ahmad rahimahullah, Imam Shafi'i rahimahullah, and the Ahl al-Hadith, it is obligatory to wash the limbs of ablution in the order mentioned in the Noble Qur'an [سوره المائده: 6 میں]; otherwise, it is necessary to repeat the ablution. The Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam also gave this very instruction to a companion:
«توضاً كَمَا أَمَرَكَ اللهُ»
"Perform ablution as Allah has commanded you."
[ابو عوانه: 253/1، بيهقي: 83/1، اس كي سند صحيح هے]
The Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam himself performed ablution in order throughout his life. If maintaining the order were not obligatory, he would have, at least once, demonstrated ablution without order to show its permissibility. Rather, on the occasion of Hajj, the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said:
«ابداً بِمَا بَدَا الله به»
"I will begin with that which Allah has mentioned first."
[صحيح مسلم: 1218]
From these evidences, it is clear that maintaining the order in ablution is obligatory, and an ablution performed without order will not suffice.
[السيل الجرار: 87/1، فقه السنة: 33/1، الروضة الندية: 140/1]
Source: Muwatta Imam Malik by Abu Samia Mahmood Tabassum, Page: 35
