موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب الرهونBook: On the Explanation of Pledges (Mortgages)
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِيمَا أَفْسَدَ الْعَبِيدُ أَوْ جَرَحُواWhat is Reported Regarding What Slaves Spoil or Injure
Hadith 1476Q1
قَالَ مَالِكٌ : السُّنَّةُ عِنْدَنَا فِي جِنَايَةِ الْعَبِيدِ. أَنَّ كُلَّ مَا أَصَابَ الْعَبْدُ مِنْ جُرْحٍ جَرَحَ بِهِ إِنْسَانًا. أَوْ شَيْءٍ اخْتَلَسَهُ. أَوْ حَرِيسَةٍ احْتَرَسَهَا، أَوْ تَمْرٍ مُعَلَّقٍ جَذَّهُ أَوْ أَفْسَدَهُ أَوْ سَرِقَةٍ سَرَقَهَا لَا قَطْعَ عَلَيْهِ فِيهَا، إِنَّ ذَلِكَ فِي رَقَبَةِ الْعَبْدِ. لَا يَعْدُو ذَلِكَ الرَّقَبَةَ. قَلَّ ذَلِكَ أَوْ كَثُرَ فَإِنْ شَاءَ سَيِّدُهُ أَنْ يُعْطِيَ قِيمَةَ مَا أَخَذَ غُلَامُهُ، أَوْ أَفْسَدَ أَوْ عَقْلَ مَا جَرَحَ، أَعْطَاهُ. وَأَمْسَكَ غُلَامَهُ وَإِنْ شَاءَ أَنْ يُسْلِمَهُ أَسْلَمَهُ، وَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ غَيْرُ ذَلِكَ فَسَيِّدُهُ فِي ذَلِكَ بِالْخِيَارِ.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: In our view, the Sunnah regarding the offense of a slave is that if a slave injures someone, or takes away someone’s property, or cuts fruit from someone’s tree, or steals something for which his hand is not to be cut off, then the slave’s person (his neck, i.e., his freedom or slavery) becomes liable for it. The master (owner) has the choice: if he wishes, he may pay the value of those things or the blood money for the injury and keep his slave, or if he wishes, he may hand over the slave himself to the victim of the offense. The master will not be required to pay more than the value of the slave, even if the value of the thing or the blood money is more than the value of the slave.
