موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب الرهونBook: On the Explanation of Pledges (Mortgages)
بَابُ الْقَضَاءِ فِي الْوَصِيَّةِ فِي الثُّلُثِ لَا تَتَعَدَّىJudgment Regarding the Will in One-Third Not to Be Exceeded
Hadith 1471
حَدَّثَنِي مَالِك، عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ، عَنْ عَامِرِ بْنِ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ : جَاءَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَعُودُنِي عَامَ حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ مِنْ وَجَعٍ اشْتَدَّ بِي، فَقُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، قَدْ بَلَغَ بِي مِنَ الْوَجَعِ مَا تَرَى، وَأَنَا ذُو مَالٍ وَلَا يَرِثُنِي إِلَّا ابْنَةٌ لِي، أَفَأَتَصَدَّقُ بِثُلُثَيْ مَالِي ؟ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " لَا " . فَقُلْتُ : فَالشَّطْرُ ؟ قَالَ : " لَا " . ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " الثُّلُثُ، وَالثُّلُثُ كَثِيرٌ، إِنَّكَ أَنْ تَذَرَ وَرَثَتَكَ أَغْنِيَاءَ، خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَنْ تَذَرَهُمْ عَالَةً يَتَكَفَّفُونَ النَّاسَ، وَإِنَّكَ لَنْ تُنْفِقَ نَفَقَةً تَبْتَغِي بِهَا وَجْهَ اللَّهِ إِلَّا أُجِرْتَ حَتَّى مَا تَجْعَلُ فِي فِي امْرَأَتِكَ " . قَالَ : فَقُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، أَأُخَلَّفُ بَعْدَ أَصْحَابِي ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " إِنَّكَ لَنْ تُخَلَّفَ فَتَعْمَلَ عَمَلًا صَالِحًا، إِلَّا ازْدَدْتَ بِهِ دَرَجَةً وَرِفْعَةً، وَلَعَلَّكَ أَنْ تُخَلَّفَ حَتَّى يَنْتَفِعَ بِكَ أَقْوَامٌ وَيُضَرَّ بِكَ آخَرُونَ . اللَّهُمَّ أَمْضِ لِأَصْحَابِي هِجْرَتَهُمْ، وَلَا تَرُدَّهُمْ عَلَى أَعْقَابِهِمْ . لَكِنْ الْبَائِسُ سَعْدُ بْنُ خَوْلَةَ يَرْثِي لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ مَاتَ بِمَكَّةَ " .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Sa’d bin Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) came to visit me (i.e., to inquire about my health) in the year of the Farewell Pilgrimage, and my illness was severe. I said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)! You see the condition of my illness, and I am wealthy, and my only heir is my one daughter. Should I give two-thirds of my wealth for the sake of Allah? The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “No.” I said: Should I give half of my wealth? The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “No.” Then the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) himself said: “Give one-third of your wealth for Allah, and one-third is also much. If you leave your heirs wealthy, it is better than leaving them poor, begging from people, stretching their hands before them. And whatever you spend seeking Allah’s pleasure, you will be rewarded for it, even for what you put in your wife’s mouth.” Then I said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)! Will I remain behind my companions? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “If you remain behind and do good deeds, your rank will be elevated, and perhaps you will live (and not die in Makkah), until Allah, the Glorious and Majestic, benefits a people through you and harms a people through you. O Lord! Complete the migration of my companions, and do not turn them back from this migration on their heels.” But the one afflicted was Sayyiduna Sa’d bin Khawlah (may Allah be pleased with him), for whom the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) grieved because he died in Makkah.
