موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب الرهونBook: On the Explanation of Pledges (Mortgages)
بَابُ الْأَمْرِ بِالْوَصِيَّةِCommand to Make a Will
Hadith 1468B1
قَالَ مَالِك : الْأَمْرُ الْمُجْتَمَعُ عَلَيْهِ عِنْدَنَا، أَنَّ الْمُوصِيَ إِذَا أَوْصَى فِي صِحَّتِهِ أَوْ مَرَضِهِ بِوَصِيَّةٍ، فِيهَا عَتَاقَةُ رَقِيقٍ مِنْ رَقِيقِهِ أَوْ غَيْرُ ذَلِكَ، فَإِنَّهُ يُغَيِّرُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَا بَدَا لَهُ، وَيَصْنَعُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَا شَاءَ حَتَّى يَمُوتَ، وَإِنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَطْرَحَ تِلْكَ الْوَصِيَّةَ وَيُبْدِلَهَا فَعَلَ، إِلَّا أَنْ يُدَبِّرَ مَمْلُوكًا، فَإِنْ دَبَّرَ فَلَا سَبِيلَ إِلَى تَغْيِيرِ مَا دَبَّرَ، وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ : " مَا حَقُّ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ لَهُ شَيْءٌ يُوصَى فِيهِ يَبِيتُ لَيْلَتَيْنِ، إِلَّا وَوَصِيَّتُهُ عِنْدَهُ مَكْتُوبَةٌ " .
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: In our view, this ruling is unanimous that if a person makes a bequest, whether in health or illness, such as freeing a slave or any other bequest, he can alter or change it up until his death. It is also possible for him to completely revoke that bequest and make another one. However, if he has already made a slave a mudabbar, then he cannot revoke the tadbeer, because the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "It is not appropriate for a Muslim who has something to bequeath, that he should spend two nights without having his bequest written down."
