موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب الرهونBook: On the Explanation of Pledges (Mortgages)
بَابُ الْقَضَاءِ فِيمَنِ ابْتَاعَ ثَوْبًا وَبِهِ عَيْبٌChapter of Judgement Regarding Buying a Defective Garment
Hadith 1452Q8
قَالَ مَالِكٌ : وَإِنِ ابْتَاعَ رَجُلٌ ثَوْبًا وَبِهِ عَيْبٌ مِنْ حَرْقٍ أَوْ عَوَارٍ، فَزَعَمَ الَّذِي بَاعَهُ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَعْلَمْ بِذَلِكَ. وَقَدْ قَطَعَ الثَّوْبَ الَّذِي ابْتَاعَهُ. أَوْ صَبَغَهُ. فَالْمُبْتَاعُ بِالْخِيَارِ، إِنْ شَاءَ أَنْ يُوضَعَ عَنْهُ قَدْرُ مَا نَقَصَ الْحَرْقُ أَوِ الْعَوَارُ مِنْ ثَمَنِ الثَّوْبِ، وَيُمْسِكُ الثَّوْبَ، فَعَلَ. وَإِنْ شَاءَ أَنْ يَغْرَمَ مَا نَقَصَ التَّقْطِيعُ أَوِ الصِّبْغُ مِنْ ثَمَنِ الثَّوْبِ، وَيَرُدُّهُ، فَعَلَ. وَهُوَ فِي ذَلِكَ بِالْخِيَارِ. فَإِنْ كَانَ الْمُبْتَاعُ قَدْ صَبَغَ الثَّوْبَ صِبْغًا يَزِيدُ فِي ثَمَنِهِ، فَالْمُبْتَاعُ بِالْخِيَارِ. إِنْ شَاءَ أَنْ يُوضَعَ عَنْهُ قَدْرُ مَا نَقَصَ الْعَيْبُ مِنْ ثَمَنِ الثَّوْبِ. وَإِنْ شَاءَ أَنْ يَكُونَ شَرِيكًا لِلَّذِي بَاعَهُ الثَّوْبَ، فَعَلَ. وَيُنْظَرُ كَمْ ثَمَنُ الثَّوْبِ وَفِيهِ الْحَرْقُ أَوِ الْعَوَارُ. فَإِنْ كَانَ ثَمَنُهُ عَشَرَةَ دَرَاهِمَ، وَثَمَنُ مَا زَادَ فِيهِ الصِّبْغُ خَمْسَةَ دَرَاهِمَ، كَانَا شَرِيكَيْنِ فِي الثَّوْبِ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا بِقَدْرِ حِصَّتِهِ. فَعَلَى حِسَابِ هَذَا يَكُونُ مَا زَادَ الصِّبْغُ فِي ثَمَنِ الثَّوْبِ.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if a person buys a cloth and finds a defect in it, such as it being torn or stolen, and the seller says: I was not aware of this defect, and the buyer has already cut, sewn, or dyed the cloth, then the buyer has the option: if he wishes, he may keep the cloth and take compensation from the seller equivalent to the defect, or if he wishes, he may return the cloth and pay the seller the amount by which the value of the cloth has decreased due to cutting, sewing, or dyeing. If the buyer has dyed it in such a way that its value has increased, even then the buyer will have the option: if he wishes, he may keep the cloth after receiving compensation for the defect from the seller, or he may make the seller a partner in that cloth. Now it will be seen what the value of the cloth is considering the defect; for example, if it is ten dirhams and due to the buyer's dyeing it becomes fifteen dirhams, then the seller will be a partner in two-thirds and the buyer in one-third of that cloth. When the cloth is sold, its price will be divided accordingly.
