موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب الرهونBook: On the Explanation of Pledges (Mortgages)
بَابُ الْقَضَاءِ فِي مِيرَاثِ الْوَلَدِ الْمُسْتَلْحَقِChapter of Judgement Regarding Inheritance of an Attributed Child
Hadith 1438Q2
قَالَ مَالِكٌ : وَتَفْسِيرُ ذَلِكَ أَنْ يَهْلِكَ الرَّجُلُ، وَيَتْرُكَ ابْنَيْنِ لَهُ، وَيَتْرُكَ سِتَّمِائَةِ دِينَارٍ، فَيَأْخُذُ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا ثَلَاثَمِائَةِ دِينَارٍ، ثُمَّ يَشْهَدُ أَحَدُهُمَا أَنَّ أَبَاهُ الْهَالِكَ أَقَرَّ أَنَّ فُلَانًا ابْنُهُ. فَيَكُونُ عَلَى الَّذِي شَهِدَ لِلَّذِي اسْتُلْحِقَ، مِائَةُ دِينَارٍ. وَذَلِكَ نِصْفُ مِيرَاثِ الْمُسْتَلْحَقِ، لَوْ لَحِقَ. وَلَوْ أَقَرَّ لَهُ الْآخَرُ أَخَذَ الْمِائَةَ الْأُخْرَى. فَاسْتَكْمَلَ حَقَّهُ وَثَبَتَ نَسَبُهُ. وَهُوَ أَيْضًا بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْمَرْأَةِ تُقِرُّ بِالدَّيْنِ عَلَى أَبِيهَا أَوْ عَلَى زَوْجِهَا. وَيُنْكِرُ ذَلِكَ الْوَرَثَةُ، فَعَلَيْهَا أَنْ تَدْفَعَ إِلَى الَّذِي أَقَرَّتْ لَهُ بِالدَّيْنِ قَدْرَ الَّذِي يُصِيبُهَا مِنْ ذَلِكَ الدَّيْنِ. لَوْ ثَبَتَ عَلَى الْوَرَثَةِ كُلِّهِمْ. إِنْ كَانَتِ امْرَأَةً وَرِثَتِ الثُّمُنَ، دَفَعَتْ إِلَى الْغَرِيمِ ثُمُنَ دَيْنِهِ، وَإِنْ كَانَتِ ابْنَةً وَرِثَتِ النِّصْفَ، دَفَعَتْ إِلَى الْغَرِيمِ نِصْفَ دَيْنِهِ. عَلَى حِسَابِ هَذَا يَدْفَعُ إِلَيْهِ مَنْ أَقَرَّ لَهُ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ. ¤
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that its explanation is as follows: A man dies and leaves behind two sons and six hundred dinars. Each son takes three hundred dinars. Then one son says that my father had acknowledged that such-and-such person is my brother. So he should give him one hundred dinars from his own share, because one heir acknowledged and the other did not, so he will get half the share. If the other had also acknowledged, then he would have received the full share, that is, two hundred dinars, and the lineage would have been established. Its example is that a woman acknowledges a debt upon her father or husband, and the rest of the heirs deny it, so she should pay the debt from her own share accordingly.
