موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب المساقاةBook: On the Explanation of Musaqat (Sharecropping)
بَابُ الشَّرْطِ فِي الرَّقِيقِ فِي الْمُسَاقَاةِChapter on conditions regarding slaves in musaqat (sharecropping)
Hadith 1403Q1
قَالَ مَالِكٌ : إِنَّ أَحْسَنَ مَا سُمِعَ فِي عُمَّالِ الرَّقِيقِ فِي الْمُسَاقَاةِ. يَشْتَرِطُهُمُ الْمُسَاقَى عَلَى صَاحِبِ الْأَصْلِ : إِنَّهُ لَا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ. لِأَنَّهُمْ عُمَّالُ الْمَالِ. فَهُمْ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْمَالِ. لَا مَنْفَعَةَ فِيهِمْ لِلدَّاخِلِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ تَخِفُّ عَنْهُ بِهِمُ الْمَئُونَةُ، وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُونُوا فِي الْمَالِ اشْتَدَّتْ مَئُونَتُهُ، وَإِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْمُسَاقَاةِ فِي الْعَيْنِ وَالنَّضْحِ. وَلَنْ تَجِدَ أَحَدًا يُسَاقَى فِي أَرْضَيْنِ سَوَاءٍ فِي الْأَصْلِ وَالْمَنْفَعَةِ. إِحْدَاهُمَا بِعَيْنٍ وَاثِنَةٍ غَزِيرَةٍ. وَالْأُخْرَى بِنَضْحٍ عَلَى شَيْءٍ وَاحِدٍ، لِخِفَّةِ مُؤْنَةِ الْعَيْنِ. وَشِدَّةِ مُؤْنَةِ النَّضْحِ، قَالَ : وَعَلَى ذَلِكَ، الْأَمْرُ عِنْدَنَا. قَالَ: وَالْوَاثِنَةُ الثَّابِتُ مَاؤُهَا الَّتِي لَا تَغُورُ وَلَا تَنْقَطِعُ. ¤
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if the worker stipulates with the owner of the land that the slaves who were previously appointed for work should also remain appointed with me, then there is nothing objectionable in this, because there is no benefit in it for the worker; the only advantage is that by having them, the worker will have to do less labor, and if they were not there, he would have to do more labor. Its example is like one musaqat (sharecropping) being with those trees which are irrigated by springs, and another musaqat being with those trees where water has to be brought on a camel; both cannot be equal, because in one there is more labor and in the other less.
