موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب البيوعBook: On the Rulings of Buying and Selling
بَابُ جَامِعِ الْبُيُوعِComprehensive Chapter on Sales
Hadith 1397
وَحَدَّثَنِي مَالِك، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ الْمُنْكَدِرِ، يَقُولُ : " أَحَبَّ اللَّهُ عَبْدًا سَمْحًا إِنْ بَاعَ، سَمْحًا إِنِ ابْتَاعَ، سَمْحًا إِنْ قَضَى، سَمْحًا إِنِ اقْتَضَى " . قَالَ مَالِك، فِي الرَّجُلِ يَشْتَرِي الْإِبِلَ أَوِ الْغَنَمَ أَوِ الْبَزَّ أَوِ الرَّقِيقَ أَوْ شَيْئًا مِنَ الْعُرُوضِ جِزَافًا : إِنَّهُ لَا يَكُونُ الْجِزَافُ فِي شَيْءٍ مِمَّا يُعَدُّ عَدًّا . قَالَ مَالِك، فِي الرَّجُلِ يُعْطِي الرَّجُلَ السِّلْعَةَ يَبِيعُهَا لَهُ وَقَدْ قَوَّمَهَا صَاحِبُهَا قِيمَةً، فَقَالَ : إِنْ بِعْتَهَا بِهَذَا الثَّمَنِ الَّذِي أَمَرْتُكَ بِهِ فَلَكَ دِينَارٌ أَوْ شَيْءٌ يُسَمِّيهِ لَهُ، يَتَرَاضَيَانِ عَلَيْهِ، وَإِنْ لَمْ تَبِعْهَا فَلَيْسَ لَكَ شَيْءٌ، إِنَّهُ لَا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ إِذَا سَمَّى ثَمَنًا يَبِيعُهَا بِهِ، وَسَمَّى أَجْرًا مَعْلُومًا إِذَا بَاعَ أَخَذَهُ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَبِعْ فَلَا شَيْءَ لَهُ . قَالَ مَالِك : وَمِثْلُ ذَلِكَ أَنْ يَقُولَ الرَّجُلُ لِلرَّجُلِ : إِنْ قَدَرْتَ عَلَى غُلَامِي الْآبِقِ أَوْ جِئْتَ بِجَمَلِي الشَّارِدِ فَلَكَ كَذَا وَكَذَا، فَهَذَا مِنْ بَاب الْجُعْلِ وَلَيْسَ مِنْ بَاب الْإِجَارَةِ، وَلَوْ كَانَ مِنْ بَاب الْإِجَارَةِ لَمْ يَصْلُحْ . قَالَ مَالِك : فَأَمَّا الرَّجُلُ يُعْطَى السِّلْعَةَ، فَيُقَالُ لَهُ : بِعْهَا وَلَكَ كَذَا وَكَذَا فِي كُلِّ دِينَارٍ لِشَيْءٍ يُسَمِّيهِ، فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ لَا يَصْلُحُ، لِأَنَّهُ كُلَّمَا نَقَصَ دِينَارٌ مِنْ ثَمَنِ السِّلْعَةِ، نَقَصَ مِنْ حَقِّهِ الَّذِي سَمَّى لَهُ، فَهَذَا غَرَرٌ لَا يَدْرِي كَمْ جَعَلَ لَهُ
Hazrat Saeed bin Musayyib used to say: When you come to a land where the people measure and weigh in full, stay there longer; when you come to a land where the people give short measure and weight, stay there less.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that it is not good for a person to buy camels, goats, cloth, or slaves in large uncounted groups; it is better to count those things which are sold by number.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if a person gives something to someone on the condition that if you sell it at this price, I will give you one dinar, and if you do not sell it, you will get nothing, there is no harm in this. Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: Its example is that a person says to another: If you bring back my runaway slave or my runaway camel, I will give you such and such amount; this is a kind of labor, not a hiring (ijarah). If it were ijarah, it would not be valid.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if a person gives his goods to someone on the condition that for every dinar you sell it for, I will give you such and such amount per dinar, this is not valid, because the wage is not fixed; it is not known for how many dinars it will be sold.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that it is not good for a person to buy camels, goats, cloth, or slaves in large uncounted groups; it is better to count those things which are sold by number.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if a person gives something to someone on the condition that if you sell it at this price, I will give you one dinar, and if you do not sell it, you will get nothing, there is no harm in this. Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: Its example is that a person says to another: If you bring back my runaway slave or my runaway camel, I will give you such and such amount; this is a kind of labor, not a hiring (ijarah). If it were ijarah, it would not be valid.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if a person gives his goods to someone on the condition that for every dinar you sell it for, I will give you such and such amount per dinar, this is not valid, because the wage is not fixed; it is not known for how many dinars it will be sold.
