موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب البيوعBook: On the Rulings of Buying and Selling
بَابُ جَامِعِ الدَّيْنِ وَالْحِوَلِComprehensive Chapter on Debt and Transfer
Hadith 1383B3
قَالَ مَالِك : لَا يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يُشْتَرَى دَيْنٌ عَلَى رَجُلٍ غَائِبٍ وَلَا حَاضِرٍ إِلَّا بِإِقْرَارٍ مِنَ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ الدَّيْنُ وَلَا عَلَى مَيِّتٍ، وَإِنْ عَلِمَ الَّذِي تَرَكَ الْمَيِّتُ وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ اشْتِرَاءَ ذَلِكَ غَرَرٌ لَا يُدْرَى أَيَتِمُّ أَمْ لَا يَتِمُّ، قَالَ : وَتَفْسِيرُ مَا كُرِهَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ : أَنَّهُ إِذَا اشْتَرَى دَيْنًا عَلَى غَائِبٍ أَوْ مَيِّتٍ، أَنَّهُ لَا يُدْرَى مَا يَلْحَقُ الْمَيِّتَ مِنَ الدَّيْنِ الَّذِي لَمْ يُعْلَمْ بِهِ، فَإِنْ لَحِقَ الْمَيِّتَ دَيْنٌ، ذَهَبَ الثَّمَنُ الَّذِي أَعْطَى الْمُبْتَاعُ بَاطِلًا .
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that it is not permissible to buy a debt, whether it is upon someone absent or present, except when the present person acknowledges it. Similarly, it is not permissible to buy a debt that is upon a deceased person, because there is deception in it; it is not known whether that debt will be recovered or not. Therefore, if another debt is found upon the deceased or the absent person, then the money is lost. Secondly, that debt has not entered into his guarantee; if it is not settled, then the money is lost.
