موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب البيوعBook: On the Rulings of Buying and Selling
بَابُ بَيْعِ النُّحَاسِ وَالْحَدِيدِ وَمَا أَشْبَهَهُمَا مِمَّا يُوزَنُSale of Copper, Iron, and Similar Weighed Items
Hadith 1372Q1
قَالَ مَالِكٌ : الْأَمْرُ عِنْدَنَا فِيمَا كَانَ مِمَّا يُوزَنُ مِنْ غَيْرِ الذَّهَبِ وَالْفِضَّةِ : مِنَ النُّحَاسِ وَالشَّبَهِ وَالرَّصَاصِ وَالْآنُكِ، وَالْحَدِيدِ، وَالْقَضْبِ وَالتِّينِ، وَالْكُرْسُفِ وَمَا أَشْبَهَ ذَلِكَ، مِمَّا يُوزَنُ، فَلَا بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يُؤْخَذَ مِنْ صِنْفٍ وَاحِدٍ اثْنَانِ بِوَاحِدٍ يَدًا بِيَدٍ، وَلَا بَأْسَ أَنْ يُؤْخَذَ رِطْلُ حَدِيدٍ بِرِطْلَيْ حَدِيدٍ وَرِطْلُ صُفْرٍ بِرِطْلَيْ صُفْرٍ. قَالَ مَالِكٌ : وَلَا خَيْرَ فِيهِ اثْنَانِ بِوَاحِدٍ مِنْ صِنْفٍ وَاحِدٍ إِلَى أَجَلٍ، فَإِذَا اخْتَلَفَ الصِّنْفَانِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ، فَبَانَ اخْتِلَافُهُمَا، فَلَا بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يُؤْخَذَ مِنْهُ اثْنَانِ بِوَاحِدٍ إِلَى أَجَلٍ، فَإِنْ كَانَ الصِّنْفُ مِنْهُ يُشْبِهُ الصِّنْفَ الْآخَرَ، وَإِنِ اخْتَلَفَا فِي الِاسْمِ مِثْلُ الرَّصَاصِ وَالْآنُكِ وَالشَّبَهِ وَالصُّفْرِ فَإِنِّي أَكْرَهُ أَنْ يُؤْخَذَ مِنْهُ اثْنَانِ بِوَاحِدٍ إِلَى أَجَلٍ. ¤
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: According to us, the ruling is that for those things which are sold by weight, except for silver and gold, such as copper, brass, tin, lead, iron, leaves, grass, cotton, etc., an increase or decrease is permissible as long as it is hand to hand (immediate exchange). For example, it is permissible to take one ratl of iron in exchange for two ratls of iron, or one ratl of brass in exchange for two ratls of brass. However, when the type is the same, it is not permissible to take it on a deferred basis. If the types are different in such a way that there is a clear difference (for example, brass in exchange for iron), then taking it on a deferred basis is also permissible. If there is no clear difference and only a difference in name, such as tin, lead, brass, and bronze, then taking it on a deferred basis is disliked.
