موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب البيوعBook: On the Rulings of Buying and Selling
بَابُ جَامِعِ بَيْعِ الطَّعَامِComprehensive Chapter on Sale of Food
Hadith 1357B1
قَالَ مَالِكٌ : مَنِ اشْتَرَى طَعَامًا بِسِعْرٍ مَعْلُومٍ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى، فَلَمَّا حَلَّ الْأَجَلُ، قَالَ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ الطَّعَامُ لِصَاحِبِهِ : لَيْسَ عِنْدِي طَعَامٌ، فَبِعْنِي الطَّعَامَ الَّذِي لَكَ عَلَيَّ إِلَى أَجَلٍ، فَيَقُولُ صَاحِبُ الطَّعَامِ : هَذَا لَا يَصْلُحُ لِأَنَّهُ قَدْ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللّٰهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ بَيْعِ الطَّعَامِ حَتَّى يُسْتَوْفَى، فَيَقُولُ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ الطَّعَامُ لِغَرِيمِهِ : فَبِعْنِي طَعَامًا إِلَى أَجَلٍ حَتَّى أَقْضِيَكَهُ، فَهَذَا لَا يَصْلُحُ لِأَنَّهُ إِنَّمَا يُعْطِيهِ طَعَامًا ثُمَّ يَرُدُّهُ إِلَيْهِ فَيَصِيرُ الذَّهَبُ الَّذِي أَعْطَاهُ ثَمَنَ الطَّعَامِ الَّذِي كَانَ لَهُ عَلَيْهِ، وَيَصِيرُ الطَّعَامُ الَّذِي أَعْطَاهُ مُحَلِّلًا فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمَا، وَيَكُونُ ذَلِكَ إِذَا فَعَلَاهُ بَيْعَ الطَّعَامِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُسْتَوْفَى. ¤
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if a person buys grain at a fixed price for a specified term, and when the term is completed, the one who owes the grain says: I do not have the grain, sell me the grain that I owe you for the same term. That person says: This is not permissible because the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, forbade selling grain until it comes into possession. If the one who owes the grain says: Fine, then sell me some other grain for the same term, so that I may hand over that grain to you, then this is also not correct, because that person will give the grain and take it back, and the price that the seller gives to the buyer will in fact be the buyer’s own money which he gave to the seller, and this grain will be a means to make it lawful in between, so it will be as if the sale of grain has taken place before possession.
